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Campbell Biology 9th Edition - Chapter 31 Flashcards

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896094788septathe cells that make up hyphae are divided by these cross sections0
896094789coenocytic fungia fungus that lacks septa and hence whose body is made up of a continuous cytoplasmic mass that may contain hundreds or thousands of nuclei1
896094790hyphaethe branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of Multicellular fungi2
896094791chitincomplex carbohydrate that makes up the cell walls of fungi; also found in the external skeletons of arthropods3
896094792myceliumthe vegetative part of a fungus consisting of a mass of branching threadlike hyphae4
896094793haustoriaIn parasitic fungi, a nutrient-absorbing hyphal tip that penetrates the tissues of the host but remains outside the host cell membranes.5
896094794Ectomycorrhizal fungifungi that form sheaths of hyphae over the surface of a root and also grow into the extracellular spaces of the root cortex6
896094795Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungiFungi whose hyphae enter the root cells of their host plants.7
896094796mycorrhizaesymbiotic relationships between fungal hyphae and plant roots8
896094797sporessingle-celled reproductive bodies highly resistant to cold and heat damage; capable of new organisms9
896094798karyogamyFusion of two haploid nuclei to form a diploid nucleus. Occurs in many fungi, and in animals and plants during fertilization of gametes10
896094799moldsa type of fungus that consists of chains of cells and appears as a fuzzy mass of thin filaments in culture11
896094800pheromonesodorless chemicals that serve as social signals to members of one's species12
896094801plasmogamyThe fusion of the cytoplasm of cells from two individuals; occurs as one stage of syngamy.13
896094802heterokaryonA mycelium formed by the fusion of two hyphae that have genetically different nuclei.14
896094803dikaryotichaving two haploid nuclei per cell, one from each parent, in a fungal mycelium15
896094804opisthokontsan extremely diverse group of eukaryotes that includes animals, fungi, and several groups of protists16
896094805nucleariidsGroup of uniucellular protists that contain amoebas that feed on alge and bacteria17
896094806deuteromycetesfungi that have no known sexual stage18
896094807chytridsaquatic and produce flagellated spores; they were the first fungi19
896094808zoosporeshave four flagella, germinate to form gametophytes, released when the waters of an incoming tide wet the thalli, swim away from the light20
896094809zygomycetesa fungal group that is not very pathogenic; complex life cycle consisted on sexual and asexual fungal groups...fungi spend most of their time as haploids; black bread mold;21
896094810zygosporangiumthick-walled sexual structure that characterizes members of the phylum Zygomycota22
896094811ascomyceteslarge class of higher fungi coextensive with division Ascomycota: sac fungi23
896094812ascithe sac in ascomycetes in which the sexual spores are formed.24
896094813ascocarpsfruiting bodies of ascomycetes25
896094814glomeromycetescharacterized by a distinct branching form of mycorrhizae called arbuscular mycorrhizae26
896094815conidiaspores formed by fungi that are formed without the protection of a sac27
896094816basidiomyceteslarge class of higher fungi coextensive with subdivision Basidiomycota28
896094817basidiumClub-shaped, reproductive structure in which club fungi produce spores29
896094818basidiocarpsFruiting bodies where the basidiomycetes produce sexually30
896094819endophytes,fungi that live inside leaves or other plant parts without causing harm31
896094820sorediasmall clusters of hyphae with embedded algae32
896094821lichenSymbiotic association between a fungus and a photosynthetic organism33
896094822mycosisany disease induced by fungus34

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