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Campbell Essential Biology- Chapter 20 Flashcards

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6643031354abiotic reservoirWhere a chemical accumulates or is stockpiled outside of living organisms (the atmosphere is an abiotic reservoir for carbon).0
6643031355biodiversityThe number of species within a specific habitat.1
6643031356biodiversity hot spotA relatively small area with numerous endemic species and a large number of endangered and threatened species.2
6643031357biogeochemical cyclesMovement of abiotic factors such as water, carbon and nitrogen within an ecosystem.3
6643031358biological magnificationToxins become more concentrated in successive trophic levels.4
6643031359biomassThe total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level.5
6643031361bioremediationThe use of living organisms to detoxify and restore polluted and degraded ecosystems6
6643031362carnivoresEat meat7
6643031363chemical cyclingThe use and reuse of a chemical element, such as carbon, within an ecosystem8
6643031364communityAll the different populations that live together in an area9
6643031365competitive exclusion principleEcological rule that states that no two species can occupy the same exact niche in the same habitat at the same time10
6643031366conservation biologyA branch of biology that studies why many species are in trouble and what can be done to save them11
6643031367cryptic colorationcamouflage12
6643031368decomposersBreak down and recycle organic matter13
6643031369detritivoresEat dead organic matter14
6643031370detritusDead organic matter15
6643031371disturbancesEvents that change communities, remove or destroy organisms from communities, or alter resource availability16
6643031372ecological nicheThe specific role played by an organism or a population of organisms in the ecosystem17
6643031373ecological successiongradual change in living communities that follows a disturbance18
6643031374ecosystemA biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.19
6643031375ecosystem servicesAn essential service an ecosystem provides that supports life and makes economic activity possible.20
6643031376endemic speciesspecies that are native to and found only within a limited area21
6643031377energy flowThe passage of energy through the components of an ecosystem22
6643031378food chainA series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten23
6643031379food websA complex diagram representing the many energy pathways in an ecosystem24
6643031380herbivoresEat plants25
6643031382hostAn organism on which a parasite lives.26
6643031383interspecific competitioncompetition between members of different species27
6643031384interspecific interactionsA relationship between individuals of two or more species in a community.28
6643031385keystone speciesA species that has an unusually large effect on its ecosystem29
6643031386landscapeMosaic of connected ecosystems30
6643031387landscape ecologyfocuses on the factors controlling exchanges of energy, materials, and organisms across multiple ecosystems31
6643031388movement corridora series of small clumps or a narrow strip of quality habitat that connects otherwise isolated patches of quality habitat32
6643031389mutualismA relationship between two species in which both species benefit33
6643031390nitrogen fixationThe process of changing free nitrogen gas into a usable form34
6643031391omnivoresEat both plants and animals35
6643031392parasiteAn organism that feeds on a living host36
6643031393pathogenAn organism that causes disease37
6643031394predationAn interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism38
6643031395primary consumersanimals that feed on producers- herbivores39
6643031396primary productionAmount of light energy converted to chemical energy by autotrophs.40
6643031397primary successionSuccession that occurs on surfaces where no soil exists.41
6643031398producersMake their own food42
6643031399pyramid of productionshows the loss of energy at each trophic level43
6643031400quaternary consumersAn organism that eats tertiary consumers44
6643031401relative abundanceThe proportion each species represents of all individuals in the community45
6643031402restoration ecologythe study and implementation of restoring damaged ecosystems46
6643031403scavengerA carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms47
6643031404secondary consumerseat primary consumers48
6643031405secondary successionThe series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms still exist49
6643031406species diversityThe variety of species per unit area. This includes both the number of species present (richness) and their relative abundance.50
6643031407species richnessThe number of different species in a community51
6643031408sustainable developmentA way of using natural resources without depleting them, and of providing for human needs without causing more long term environmental harm52
6643031409tertiary consumerseat secondary consumers53
6643031410trophic structureFeeding relationships between organisms in a community.54
6643031411warning colorationAn adaptation of bright coloring on some animals of prey to advertise that they are poisonous55

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