Terms : Hide Images
| 334497128 | between | Intercellular means _______ the cells | |
| 334497129 | within | Intracelluar means _______ a cell | |
| 334497130 | Signal, Receiver, Transduce signal into response | What are 3 steps in EVERY receptors pathway? | |
| 334497131 | receptor | Specialized protiens where chemical messengers bind so that a cell can receive a signal | |
| 334497132 | Receptor Specificity | The ability of a receptor to bind only one type or a limited number of structurally related types of chemical messengers | |
| 334497133 | antagonist | Molecule that competes with a ligand for binding to its receptor, but does not activate signaling normally associtated with natural ligand | |
| 334497134 | agonist | A chemical messenger that binds and initiates a response just like the natural ligand does. | |
| 334497135 | Down- regulation | A decrease in the total number of target- cell receptors for a given messenger; may occur in response to chronic high extracelluar concentrations (desensitization) | |
| 334497136 | Up- regulation | An increse in the total number of target cell receptors for a given messenger; may occur in respons to a chronic low extracellular concentration | |
| 334497137 | Increased sensitivity | Caused by up-regulation, the increased response of a target cell to a given messenger | |
| 334497138 | lipid solube messengers | What type of messenger will typically increase the transcription rate | |
| 334497139 | True | T/F Pathways initiated by lipid-solube messengers are slower, but provide a more sustained response | |
| 334497140 | Alter the membrane potential | What is the main goal of Receptors that open ligand gated ion channels? | |
| 334497141 | Kinase | Any enzyme that phosphorylates itself of another protien | |
| 334497142 | WILL always initiate the cascade of events by phophorylating a protien | What do all kinases' have in common? | |
| 334497143 | Janus Kinases JAK | Common enzymatic protien within the cytoplasm, which the receptor will interact with | |
| 334497144 | Adenylyl cycalse | What is the effector protien in G protien coupled receptors cAMP? | |
| 334497145 | Alpha unit Beta/Gamma units | What subunit activates the effector protien in cAMP? What subunits anchor that subunit down? | |
| 334497146 | break down cAMP and prevent adenyly from catalyzing and changing ATP into 2 messenger | What is the function of cAMP phosphodiesterase? | |
| 334497147 | Amplification | One molecule of chemical messenger can produce a million products | |
| 334497148 | 1st messenger | Always the ligand that binds to the receptor which causes a response and the 2 messenger | |
| 334497149 | 2nd messenger | Substances that enter or are generated in the cytoplasm as a result of receptor activation | |
| 334497150 | Cessation | The inactivation of receptors or of signal transduction pathways | |
| 334497151 | Phosphorylation affinity | Cessation - receptor becomes chemically altered, usually by _____, which lowers its ___ for a first messenger so its released | |
| 334497152 | G-protien | Cessation - phosphorylation of the receptor may prevent further _______ binding to the receptor | |
| 334497153 | receptors | Plasma membranes ______ may be removed | |
| 334497154 | cross talk | Single first messenger may trigger changes in the activity of more than one pathway and many different messengers simultaneously influence a cell are examples of what? |
