Terms : Hide Images
| 506037800 | cellular respiration | breaks chemical bonds of food to get ATP | |
| 506037801 | oxidation | The loss of electrons from a substance involved in a redox reaction. | |
| 506037802 | reduction | The addition of electrons to a substance involved in a redox reaction. | |
| 506037803 | redox reaction | A chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another; also called oxidation-reduction reaction. | |
| 506037804 | Electron transport chain | uses the high-energy electrons NADH from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP inner mitochondrial membrane breaks the fall of electrons into many energy releasing steps the last molecule in the chain passes the electrons to oxygen oxygen picks up two hydrogen to form water | |
| 506037805 | glycolysis | the anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP cytosol of cells 2 ATP are produced by substrate level phosphorylation | |
| 506037806 | substrate level phosphorylation | The formation of ATP by an enzyme(PEP) directly transferring a phosphate group to ADP from an intermediate substrate in catabolism; occurs during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle | |
| 506037807 | energy investment phase | in this part of glycolysis, the cell spends 2 ATP | |
| 506037808 | energy payoff phase | in this part of glycolysis, the cell produces 4 ATP, 2NADH, and 2H+ | |
| 506037809 | cellular respiration formula | C6H₁₂O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + energy | |
| 506037810 | PEP | catalyzed to pyruvate which is used in krebs cycle | |
| 506037811 | Transition step | 2 pyruvates move to the mitochondrial matrix with the aid of a transport protein. 2 carbon pieces are oxidized to acetate and the electrons are transferred to NAD+ to make NADH | |
| 506037812 | Acetyl CoA | coenzyme A attaches to acetate to make is fed into the Krebs cycle with the CoA part removed to be used again. | |
| 506037813 | transition step CO2 | 1st place CO2 leaves 2 molecules because 2 pyruvates | |
| 506037814 | Krebs Cycle | citric acid cycle , stage of cellular respiration that finishes the breakdown of pyruvic acid molecules to carbon dioxide, releasing energy | |
| 506037815 | Krebs cycle end products | 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1ATP for one glucose you get double end products (6,2,2) because spins twice, one for each pyruvate | |
| 506037816 | Chemiosmosis | An energy-coupling mechanism that uses energy stored in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work, such as the synthesis of ATP. Most ATP synthesis in cells occurs by chemiosmosis. ETC pumps hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial membrane exergonic flow of electrons, energy released to push the ions out against the concentration gradient H+ leaks back across the membrane due to concentration gradient (need protein channels) | |
| 506037817 | ATP synthesis | protein structure in a cell's mitochondria that uses energy from H+ ions to convert ADP to ATP uses exergonic flow of H+ to drive oxidative phosphorylation of ADP to ATP | |
| 506037818 | net gain | 36-38 ATP |
