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| 13646287322 | Layers of cerebral cortex | Neocortex, paleocortex, archicortex | 0 | |
| 13646289569 | Neocortex | 6-layer structure that appeared late in vertebrate evolution, layers not equally prominent everywhere | 1 | |
| 13646291869 | Superficial layer of neocortex | Molecular layer (doesn't have a lot of cells) | 2 | |
| 13646294427 | Deepest layer of neocortex | Polymorphic layer | 3 | |
| 13646299921 | Paleocortex | develops with olfactory system, interconnected with limbic structures | 4 | |
| 13646301996 | Archicortex | consists of hippocampus | 5 | |
| 13646304163 | Betz cells | largest neurons of CNS (most in motor cortex) | 6 | |
| 13646306252 | Pyramidal cells | most numerous neurons of neocortex | 7 | |
| 13646309025 | Nonpyramidal cells | cells with short axons, remain within cortex (primarily interneurons) | 8 | |
| 13646317517 | Association fibers | connect fibers within the same hemisphere | 9 | |
| 13646348359 | Commisural fibers | connects the two hemispheres | 10 | |
| 13646354517 | Association fiber fasciculus | superior longitudinal superior occipitofrontal inferior occipitofrontal cingulum | 11 | |
| 13646380782 | superior longitudinal fasciculus | arc above the insula between the frontal lobe and posterior portions of the hemisphere where it fans out among the parietal, occipital and temporal lobes | 12 | |
| 13646384223 | superior occipitofrontal fasciculus | runs between the frontal lobe and superior parts of the parietal and occipital lobes (narrow fiber bundle) | 13 | |
| 13646388488 | inferior occipitofrontal fasciculus | passes below insula between the frontal and occipital lobes, traversing the temporal lobes | 14 | |
| 13646396311 | cingulum | courses within the cingulate gyrus and continues around within hippocampus | 15 | |
| 13646400718 | Area 4 | primary motor area (precentral gyrus) | 16 | |
| 13646402221 | Primary motor area | precentral gyrus | 17 | |
| 13646403183 | Area 6 | premotor area, supplementary motor area (superior and middle frontal gyrus) | 18 | |
| 13646407950 | premotor area, supplementary motor area | superior and middle frontal gyrus | 19 | |
| 13646410338 | area 44 | Motor association area, Broca's area (inferior frontal gyrus) | 20 | |
| 13646414299 | Motor association area, Broca's area | inferior frontal gyrus | 21 | |
| 13646415558 | areas 3,2,1 | primary somatosensory area (postcentral gyrus) | 22 | |
| 13646423298 | primary somatosensory area | postcentral gyrus | 23 | |
| 13646423299 | area 17 | primary visual area (banks of calcarine fissure) | 24 | |
| 13646427118 | primary visual area | banks of calcarine fissure | 25 | |
| 13646437695 | area 41 | primary auditory area (posterior superior temporal gyrus, Heschl's gyrus) | 26 | |
| 13646440538 | primary auditory area | posterior superior temporal gyrus, Heschl's gyrus | 27 | |
| 13646442490 | area 22 | Auditory association area, Wernicke's area (anterior and middle superior temporal gyrus) | 28 | |
| 13646447893 | Auditory association area, Wernicke's area | anterior and middle superior temporal gyrus | 29 | |
| 13646455604 | unimodal association areas | adjacent to primary area devoted to the activity of the primary area | 30 | |
| 13646464161 | multimodal association areas | high level intellectual functioning | 31 | |
| 13646473583 | larger in LH than in RH | planum temporale | 32 | |
| 13646481890 | dominant hemisphere for language | left hemisphere | 33 | |
| 13646488327 | perisylvian language zone | surrounds lateral or Sylvian fissure, includes Broca's area | 34 | |
| 13646502993 | Aphasia | difficulty using language, problems accessing set of symbols that humans use to represent concepts | 35 | |
| 13646509451 | nonfluent aphasia | Broca's aphasia | 36 | |
| 13646510770 | Broca's aphasia | produce few words, either written or spoken. Words produced with difficulty | 37 | |
| 13646515868 | Wernicke's aphasia | can produce spoken and written words but sequences or words are impaired in their linguistic content. Difficulty comprehending language | 38 | |
| 13646519137 | Paraphasia | substitutions of one letter or word for another | 39 | |
| 13646521732 | Neologisms | insertion of new and meaningless word | 40 | |
| 13646523203 | Jargon | stringing together of words and phrases in an order that conveys little or no meaning | 41 | |
| 13646527716 | Destruction of Broca's area | deprive motor cortex of the instructions needed to generate language, muscles involved would be normal in other activities, comprehension of language would be relatively unaffected | 42 | |
| 13646534273 | fluent aphasia | Wernicke's aphasia | 43 | |
| 13646537640 | Destruction of Wernicke's area | words would be produced without regard for their meaning | 44 | |
| 13646550600 | damage to superior longitudinal fasciculus | Leaves Broca's area unchecked and result in another form of fluent aphasia | 45 | |
| 13646553651 | conduction aphasia | similar in speaking to Wernicke's, have relatively intact comprehension | 46 | |
| 13646556222 | transcortical aphasia | caused by damage outside the perisylvanian language zone | 47 | |
| 13646560803 | Prosody | rhythmic aspects of speech | 48 | |
| 13646563677 | agnosia | inability to recognize identity or some other property of objects when using a given sense, even though the sense is intact | 49 | |
| 13646567768 | RH function | prosody, solves problems in more holistic manner | 50 | |
| 13646571453 | corpus callosum | interconnects hemispheres. largest fiber bundle in the brain | 51 |
