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| 4872944969 | polymer | A large molecule composed of repeating structural units or monomers. |  | 0 |
| 4872944970 | monomer | A molecule of any compound that can react with other molecules of the same or different compound to form a polymer. Each biological macromolecule has characteristic monomers. |  | 1 |
| 4872944971 | carbohydrate | "Compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the approximate ratio of C:2H:O (e.g., sugars, starches, and cellulose)" |  | 2 |
| 4872944972 | protein | Class of nutrients made up of amino acids. They are needed to build and repair body structures, and to regulate processes in the body |  | 3 |
| 4872944973 | lipid | Organic molecules made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and store food energy until needed (Fats) |  | 4 |
| 4872944974 | nucleic acid | A biological macromolecule (DNA or RNA) composed of the elements C, H, N, O, and P that carries genetic information. |  | 5 |
| 4872944975 | amino acid | Building blocks of protein |  | 6 |
| 4872944976 | monosaccharide | A simple sugar that is the monomer of a carbohydrate |  | 7 |
| 4872944977 | nucleotide | Monomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base |  | 8 |
| 4872944978 | fatty acid | one of the building blocks of lipids; may be saturated or unsaturated |  | 9 |
| 4872944979 | macromolecule | A very large molecule (as of a protein, nucleic acid, or carbohydrate) built up from smaller chemical structures |  | 10 |
| 4872944980 | enzyme | A protein that makes a reaction happen QUICKER; decreases activation energy of a reaction. |  | 11 |
| 4872944981 | dehydration synthesis | A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule. |  | 12 |
| 4872944982 | hydrolysis | Breaking down complex molecules (polymers) by the chemical addition of water. Used in digestion. |  | 13 |
| 4872944983 | polysaccharide | a carbohydrate that is composed of many monosaccharide units joined together |  | 14 |
| 4872944984 | glucose | A monosaccharide that is an important source of energy. |  | 15 |
| 4872944986 | -ose | What is the common ending of the name of most simple sugars? |  | 16 |
| 4872944987 | Functional group | the portion of a molecule that is active in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds | 17 | |
| 4872944988 | Hydroxyl | Functional group found in carbohydrates A chemical group consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom (-OH). |  | 18 |
| 4872944989 | Carboxyl Group | -COOH Organic acids contain this functional group |  | 19 |
| 4872944990 | Amino group | A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms |  | 20 |
| 4872944995 | Carbon | non-metal that can from 4 bonds with other elements; found in organic molecules |  | 21 |
| 4872944996 | Hydrocarbon | an organic compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen; |  | 22 |
| 4872944997 | Triglyceride | Circulate in the blood and are made up of three fatty acids attached to a glycerol. |  | 23 |
| 4872944998 | cellulose | polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants | | 24 |
| 4872944999 | Glycerol | A three-carbon alcohol to which fatty acids are covalently bonded to make fats and oils. |  | 25 |
| 4872945001 | polymer | A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds | | 26 |
| 4872945002 | macromolecule | A very large organic molecule composed of many smaller molecules | | 27 |
| 4872945003 | organic compound | a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon |  | 28 |
| 4872945004 | disaccharide | A molecule composed of two monosaccharides. Common disaccharides include maltose, sucrose, and lactose. |  | 29 |
| 4872945005 | polysaccharide | A polymer of thousands of simple sugars formed by dehydration synthesis. a carbohydrate that is composed of many monosaccharide units joined together | | 30 |
| 4872945006 | monosaccharide | A simple sugar that is the basic subunit of a carbohydrate |  | 31 |
| 4872945007 | polypeptide | A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. |  | 32 |
| 4872945008 | peptide | Bonds that connect amino acids. |  | 33 |
| 4872945010 | glycogen | animal storage of sugar |  | 34 |
| 4872945012 | saturated fatty acid | A fatty acid with a carbon chain full of hydrogen atoms, meaning no carbon-carbon double bonds; usually from animal sources and solid at room temperature. | | 35 |
| 4872945013 | unsaturated fatty acid | A fatty acid with a carbon chain that includes one or more carbon-carbon double bonds; usually from plant sources and liquid at room temperature. Monounsaturated fatty acids have one carbon-carbon double bond and polyunsaturated fatty acids have two or more double bonds. |  | 36 |
| 4872945017 | enzyme | A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing | | 37 |
| 4872945023 | primary protein structure | amino acid sequence |  | 38 |
| 4872945024 | secondary protein structure | Areas of folding or coiling within a protein; examples include alpha helices and pleated sheets, which are stabilized by hydrogen bonding. |  | 39 |
| 4872945025 | tertiary protein structure | intricate, 3-D shape (conformation) of a protein that is superimposed on its secondary structure; determines protein specificity |  | 40 |
| 4872945026 | quaternary protein structure | 2+ protein chains forming functional protein |  | 41 |
| 4873515012 | phospholipid | a type of lipid found in cell membranes; consists of 2 fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to a glycerol | 42 | |
| 4873517811 | chitin | polysaccharide found in arthropod exoskeletons | 43 | |
| 4873522469 | steroids | lipid in the shape of 4 fused rings of carbon; ex - cholesterol | 44 | |
| 4873524853 | pyrimidine | single ringed nitrogen base | 45 | |
| 4873526678 | purine | double ringed nitrogen base | 46 | |
| 4873528132 | starch | plant storage of sugar | 47 | |
| 4873529980 | ribose | 5 carbon sugar found in RNA | 48 | |
| 4873556291 | chaperonins | assist in the folding of proteins | 49 | |
| 4873563962 | glycosidic linkage | bond between monosaccharides | 50 | |
| 4873565056 | phosphodiester bond | bond between nucleotides | 51 | |
| 4873566407 | ester linkage | bonds between fatty acids and glycerol | 52 |
