Terms : Hide Images
| 38865950 | Food vacuole | a mebranous sac formed by phagocytosis | 0 | |
| 38865951 | Chromatin | the complex of DNA and proteins that make up a eukaryotic chromosome | 1 | |
| 38865952 | tonoplast | a mambrane that encloses the central vacuole of a plant cell separating the cytosol from the vacuolar contents (aka vacuolar membrane) | 2 | |
| 38865953 | cristae | an infolding of the inner membrane of a mitochondrian that house the electron transport chain and the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP | 3 | |
| 38865954 | Stroma | the fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane; involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water | 4 | |
| 38865955 | primary cell wall | a relatively thin and flexible layer secreted first by a young plant cell | 5 | |
| 38865956 | contractile vacuole | a membranous sac that helps move excess water out of the cell | 6 | |
| 38865957 | cytoplasm | the entire contents of the cell, exclusive of the nucleus, and bounded by the plasma membrane | 7 | |
| 38865958 | Light microscope (LM) | an optical instrument with lenses that refract (bend) visible light to magnify images of specimens | 8 | |
| 38865959 | intermediate filament | a component of the cytoskeleton that includes all filaments intermediate in size between microtubules and microfilaments | 9 | |
| 38865960 | vesicle | a sac made of membrane inside of cells | 10 | |
| 38865961 | organelle | one of several formed bodies with specialized functions, suspended in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells | 11 | |
| 38865962 | mitochondria | an organism in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration | 12 | |
| 38865963 | phagocytosis | a typpe of endocytosis involving large, particulate substances, accomplished mainly by macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells | 13 | |
| 38865964 | actin | a globular protein that links into chains, two of which twist helically about each other, forming microfilaments in muscle and other contractile elements in cells | 14 | |
| 38865965 | electron microscope (EM) | a microscope that focuses an electron beam through a specimen, resulting in resolving power a thousand fold greater than that of a light microscope. A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is used to study the internal structure of thin sections of cells. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the fine details of cells surfaces | 15 | |
| 38865966 | transport vesicle | a tiny membranous sac in a cells cytoplasm carrying molecules produced by the cell | 16 | |
| 38865967 | rough ER | that portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes | 17 | |
| 38865968 | flagella | a long cellular appendage specialized for locomotion | 18 | |
| 38865969 | eukaryotic cell | a type of cell with a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles; present in protists, plants, fungi, and animals | 19 | |
| 38865970 | mitochondrial matrix | the compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the Krebs cycle | 20 | |
| 38865971 | myosin | a type of protein filament that interacts with actin filaments to cause cell contraction | 21 | |
| 38865972 | nucleus | an atoms central core, containing protons and neutrons; the chromosome containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell; a cluster of neurons | 22 | |
| 38865973 | middle lamella | a thin layer of adhesivve extracellular material, primarily pectins, found between the primary walls of adjacent young cell plants | 23 | |
| 38865974 | Smooth ER | that portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes | 24 | |
| 38865975 | central vacuole | a membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction, growth, and development | 25 | |
| 38865976 | proteoglycan | a glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix of animal cells, rich in carbohydrates | 26 | |
| 38865977 | cell fractionation | the disruption of a cell and seperation of its organelles by centrifugation | 27 | |
| 38865978 | cytoplasmic streaming | a circular flow of cytoplasm, involving myosin and actin filaments, that speeds the distribution of materials within cells | 28 | |
| 38865979 | chloroplast | an organelle found only in plants and photo synthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water | 29 | |
| 38865980 | granum (pl. grana) | a stacked portion of the thylakoid membrane in the chloroplasts; function in the light reactions of photosynthesis | 30 | |
| 38865981 | secondary cell wall | a strong and durable matrix often deposited in several laminated layers for plant cell protection and support | 31 | |
| 38865982 | plasmodesmata | an open channel in the cell wall of plant through which strands of cytosol connect from an adjacent cell | 32 | |
| 38865983 | integrin | a receptor protein built into the plasma membrane that interconnects the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton | 33 | |
| 38865984 | collagen | a glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix of animal cells that forms strong fibers, found extensively in connective tissue and bone; the ost abundant protein in the animal kingdom | 34 | |
| 38865985 | nuclear envelope | the membrane in eukaryotes that encloses the nucleus, seperating it from the cytoplasm | 35 | |
| 38865986 | lysosome | a membrane enclosed sac of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells | 36 | |
| 38865987 | centrosome | material present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells, important during cell division; the micotubule organizing center | 37 | |
| 38865988 | centriole | a structure in an animal cell composed of cylinders of microtubue triplets arranged in a 9+0 pattern; an animal cell usually has a pair of centrioles involved in cell division | 38 | |
| 38865989 | chromosome | a threadlike, gene carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each chromosome consists of one very long DNA molecule and associated proteins | 39 | |
| 38865990 | nucleolus | a specialized structure in the nucleus, formed from various chromosomes and active in the synthesis of ribosomes | 40 | |
| 38865991 | plastid | one of a family of closely related plant organelles that includes chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and amyloplasts (leucoplasts) | 41 | |
| 38865992 | extracellular matrix (ECM) | the substance in which animal tissue cells are embedded, consisting of protein and polysaccharides | 42 | |
| 38865993 | microtubule | a hollow rod of tubulin protein in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells and in flagella, cilia, and the cytoskeleton | 43 | |
| 38865994 | cytoskeleton | a network of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments that branch throughout the cytoplasm and serve a variety of mechanical and transport functions | 44 | |
| 38865995 | prokaryotic cell | a type of cell lacking a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea | 45 | |
| 38865996 | nuclear lamina | a netlike array of protein filaments that mantains the shape of the nucleus | 46 | |
| 38865997 | gap junction | a type of intercellular junction in animal cells that allows the passage of material or current between cells | 47 | |
| 38865998 | scanning electorn microscope (SEM) | a microscope that uses an electron beam to scan the surface of a sample to study details of its topography | 48 | |
| 38865999 | cell wall | a protective layer external to the plasma membrane in plant cells, bacteria, fungi, and some protists | 49 | |
| 38866000 | transmission electron microscope (TEM) | a microscope that passes an electron beam through very thin sections; primarily used to study the internal ultrastructure of cells | 50 | |
| 38866001 | tight junction | a type of intercellular junction in animal cells that prevents the leakage of material between cells | 51 | |
| 38866002 | thylakoid | a flattened membranous sac inside the chloroplast, used to convert light energy to chemical energy | 52 | |
| 38866003 | pseudopodia | a cellular extension of amoeboid cells used in moving and feeding | 53 | |
| 38866004 | cilium | a short cellular appendage specialized for locomotion, formed from a core of nine outer doublet microtubules and two inter singular microtubules ensheathed in an extension of plasma membrane | 54 | |
| 38866005 | golgi apparatus | an organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of flat membranous sacs that modify, store, and route products of the endoplasmic reticulum | 55 | |
| 38866006 | peroxisome | a microbody containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen, producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide | 56 | |
| 38866007 | dynein | a large contractile protein forming the side arms of microtbule doublets in cilia and flagella | 57 | |
| 38866008 | microfilament | a solid rod of actin protein in the cytoplasm of almost all eukaryotic cells, making up part of the cytoskeleton and acting alone or with myosin to cause cell contraction | 58 | |
| 38866009 | ribosome | a cell organelle costructed in the nucleolus and functioning as the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm; consists of rRNA and protein molecules, which make up two subunits | 59 | |
| 38866010 | cytosol | the semifluid portion of the cytoplasm | 60 | |
| 38866011 | endomembrane system | the collection of membranes inside and around a eukaryotic cell, related either through direct physical contact or by the transfer of membranous vesicles | 61 | |
| 38866012 | cytotoxic T cell | a type of lymphocyte that, when activated, kills infected cells, cancer cells, and transplanted cells | 62 | |
| 38866013 | plasma mebrane | the membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective barrier, thereby regulating the cells chemical composition | 63 | |
| 38866014 | glycoprotein | a protein covalently bonded to a carbohydrate | 64 | |
| 38866015 | desmosome | a type of intercellular junction in animal cells that functions as an anchor | 65 | |
| 38866016 | nucleoid | a dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell | 66 | |
| 38866017 | fibronectin | a glycoprotein that helps cells attach to the extracellular matix | 67 | |
| 38866018 | basal body | a eukaryotic cell organelle that consists of a 9+0 arrangement of microtubule triplets; may organize the microtubule assembly of a cilium or a flagellum; structurally identical to a centriole | 68 |
