Terms : Hide Images
| 89391163 | Sharia | Islamic law; defined among other things the patrilineal nature of Islamic inheritance. -was broken to allow women to continue their native roles | 0 | |
| 89391164 | Zenj | Arabic term for the east African coast. - attracted refugees because of its wealth | 1 | |
| 89391165 | Timbuktu | Port city of Mali; located just off the flood plain on the great bend in the Niger River; population of 50,000; contained a library and university. -very prosperous city/ full of culture and wealth | 2 | |
| 89391166 | Songhay | Successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of Niger valley; formed as independent kingdom under a Berber dynasty; capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sunni Ali (1464-1492). -one of the powerful Muslim states | 3 | |
| 89391167 | Hausa | Peoples of northern Nigeria; formed states following the demise of Songhay Empire that combined Muslim and pagan traditions. -contained Kano, one of the greatest centers of Islamic learning | 4 | |
| 89391168 | demography | The study of population. -crucial tool in historical studies | 5 | |
| 89391169 | juula | Malinke merchants; formed small partnerships to carry out trade throughout Mali Empire; eventually spread throughout much of west Africa. -Very important culture spreaders and traded outside empire | 6 | |
| 89391170 | Benin | Powerful city-state(in present-day Nigeria) which came into contact with the Portuguese in 1485 but remained relatively free of European influence; important commercial and political entity until the 19th century. - spread from niger river to Lagos coast | 7 | |
| 89391171 | Ifriqiya | The Arabic term for eastern north Africa. - what the area was known as/Islamic region | 8 | |
| 89391172 | demographic transition | Shift to low birth rate, low infant death rate, stable population; first emerged in western Europe and United States in late 19th century. -characteristic of the modern world | 9 | |
| 89391173 | Sundiata | The " Lion Prince "; a member of the Keita clan; created a unified state that became the Mali Empire; died about 1260. unified state that became the Mali Empire; died about 1260. -Created one of the few strong governments in Affrica | 10 | |
| 89391174 | Nok | Culture featuring highly developed art style flourishing between 500 b.c.e. and 200 c.e.; located in forests of central Nigeria. -mysterious people that impacted art | 11 | |
| 89391175 | Maghrib | The Arabic word for western north Africa. - what the area was known as/ Islamic region | 12 | |
| 89391176 | stateless societies | African societies organized around kinship or other forms of obligation and lacking the concentration of political power and authority associated with states. -made up large portion of Africa | 13 | |
| 89391177 | Muhammad the Great | Extended the boundaries of the Songhay Empire; Islamic ruler of the mid-16th century. -took title of askia | 14 | |
| 89391178 | griots | Professional oral historians who served as keepers of traditions and advisers to kings within the Mali Empire. -Told the epic tale of Sundiata | 15 | |
| 89391179 | Ibn Batuta | Arab traveler who described African societies and cultures in his travel records. -He described how secure and strict the states in Africa were | 16 | |
| 89391180 | Almoravids | A puritanical reformist movement among the Islamic Berber tribes of northern Africa; controlled gold trade across Sahara; conquered Ghana in 1076; moved southward against African kingdoms of the savanna and westward into Spain. -spread"pure Islam" and was started a Jihad | 17 | |
| 89391181 | Yoruba | City-states developed in northern Nigeria c. 1200 c.e.; Ile-Ife featured artistic style possibly related to earlier Nok culture; agricultural societies supported by peasantry and dominated by ruling family and aristocracy. -society supported by peasants | 18 | |
| 89391182 | Almohadis | A reformist movement among the Islamic Berbers of northern Africa; later than the Almoravids; penetrated into sub-Sahara Africa. -spread"pure Islam" and was started a Jihad | 19 | |
| 89391183 | Great Zimbabwe | Bantu confederation of Shona-speaking peoples located between Zambezi and Limpopo rivers; developed after 9th century; featured royal courts built of stone; created centralized state by 15th century; king took title of Mwene Mutapa. -religious importance | 20 | |
| 89391184 | Kongo | Kingdom, based on agriculture, formed on lower Congo River by late 15th century; capital at Mbanza Kongo; ruled by hereditary monarchy. -had a wide variety of skills | 21 | |
| 89391185 | Mali | Empire centered between the Senegal and Niger rivers; creation of Malinke peoples; broke away from control of Ghana in 13th century. -one of the most important Muslim Sudanic States | 22 | |
| 89391186 | sahel | The extensive grassland belt at the southern edge of the Sahara; a point of exchange between the forests to the south and northern Africa. -one of the three active trading regions of Africa | 23 | |
| 89391187 | Sudanic states | Kingdoms that developed during the height of Ghana's power in the region; based at Takrur on the Senegal River to the west and Gao on the Niger River to the east; included Mali and Songhay. - military states | 24 |
