Terms : Hide Images
| 93032201 | Wang Anshi | Confucian scholar and chief minister of a Song emperor in 1070s; introduced sweeping reforms based on Legalists; advocated greater state intervention in society. -fought for government-funded projects and agriculture | 0 | |
| 93032202 | Yang Guifei | Royal concubine during reign of Xuanzong; introduction of relatives into royal administration led to revolt. - Xuanzong fell in love with her | 1 | |
| 93032203 | jinshi | Title granted to students who passed the most difficult Chinese examination on all of Chinese literature; became immediate dignitaries and eligible for high office. -got new luxuries and rights | 2 | |
| 93032204 | flying money | Chinese credit instrument that provided credit vouchers to merchants to be redeemed at the end of the voyage; reduced danger of robbery; early form of currency. -led to development of paper money | 3 | |
| 93032205 | Yangdi | Second member of Sui dynasty; murdered his father to gain throne; restored Confucian examination system; responsible for construction of Chinese canal system; assassinated in 618. -favored large, unnecessary construction projects and luxurious lifestyle | 4 | |
| 93032206 | Zhu Xi | Most prominent of neo-Confucian scholars during the Song dynasty in China; stressed importance of applying philosophical principles to everyday life and action. -argued for morals and education | 5 | |
| 93032207 | Grand Canal | Built in 7th century during reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long. -allowed South to become a powerful economic force | 6 | |
| 93032208 | Changan | Capital of Tang dynasty; population of 2 million, larger than any other city in the world at that time. | 7 | |
| 93032209 | Chan Buddhism | Known as Zen in Japan; stressed meditation and appreciation of natural and artistic beauty; popular with members of elite Chinese society. - mainly for the educated | 8 | |
| 93032210 | Xi Xia | Kingdom of Tangut people, north of Song kingdom, in mid-11th century; collected tribute that drained Song resources and burdened Chinese peasantry. -protected Song in return for money | 9 | |
| 93032211 | pure land Buddhism | Emphasized salvationist aspects of Chinese Buddhism; popular among masses of Chinese society. -provided refuge from war and hate | 10 | |
| 93032212 | neo-Confucians | Revived ancient Confucian teachings in Song era China; great impact on the dynasties that followed; their emphasis on tradition and hostility to foreign systems made Chinese rulers and bureaucrats less receptive to outside ideas and influences. - wanted morals and education to be important | 11 | |
| 93032213 | Tangut | Rulers of Xi Xia kingdom of northwest China; one of regional kingdoms during period of southern Song; conquered by Mongols in 1226. -took advantage of weakness caused by Khitans | 12 | |
| 93032214 | Ministry of Rites | Administered examinations to students from Chinese government schools or those recommended by distinguished scholars. - graduating from one set you up to become an important person | 13 | |
| 93032215 | Xuanzong | Leading Chinese emperor of the Tang dynasty who reigned from 713 to 755 though he encouraged overexpansion. - stopped Empress Wei | 14 | |
| 93032216 | junks | Chinese ships equipped with watertight bulkheads, sternpost rudders, compasses, and bamboo fenders; dominant force in Asian seas east of the Malayan peninsula. - made China a better trader | 15 | |
| 93032217 | Jurchens | Founders of the Qin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China; annexed most of Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south. - fought into Song territory | 16 | |
| 93032218 | Zhao Kuangyin | general following fall of Tang; took title of Taizu; failed to overcome northern Liao dynasty that remained independent. -considered the most noble and honest of all generals of the last Five Dynasties | 17 | |
| 93032219 | Jin | Kingdom north of the Song Empire; established by Jurchens in 1115 after overthrowing Liao dynasty. - eventually spread into Qin territory | 18 | |
| 93032220 | Liao dynasty | Founded in 907 by nomadic Khitan peoples from Manchuria; maintained independence from Song dynasty in China. -set precedent for weak Song rulers | 19 | |
| 93032221 | Wendi | Member of prominent northern Chinese family during period of Six Dynasties; proclaimed himself emperor; supported by nomadic peoples of northern China; established Sui dynasty. -did not support Confucian scholar-gentry | 20 | |
| 93032222 | Khitans | Nomadic peoples of Manchuria; militarily superior to Song dynasty China but influenced by Chinese culture; forced humiliating treaties on Song China in 11th century. - founded Liao dynasty | 21 | |
| 93032223 | Wuzong | Chinese emperor of Tang dynasty who openly persecuted Buddhism by destroying monasteries in 840s; reduced influence of Chinese Buddhism in favor of Confucian ideology. -openly abused Buddhism | 22 | |
| 93032224 | Li Bo | Most famous poet of the Tang era; blended images of the mundane world with philosophical musings. - similar to Persian writers | 23 | |
| 93032225 | Southern Song | Rump state of Song dynasty from 1127 to 1279; carved out of much larger domains ruled by the Tang and northern Song; culturally one of the most glorious reigns in Chinese history. -had many cultural developments | 24 | |
| 93032226 | Empress Wu | Tang ruler 690-705 c.e. in China; supported Buddhist establishment; tried to elevate Buddhism to state religion; had multistory statues of Buddha created. -most important Tang ruler for supporting Buddhism | 25 | |
| 93032227 | Zen Buddhism | Known as Chan Buddhism in China; stressed meditation and the appreciation of natural and artistic beauty. - mainly for the educated | 26 | |
| 93032228 | Li Yuan | Also known as Duke of Tang; minister for Yangdi; took over empire following assassination of Yangdi; first emperor of Tang dynasty; took imperial title of Gaozu. -laid basis for golden age of Tang | 27 | |
| 93032229 | Hangzhou | Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded 1 million. - one of the largest and most cultural cities on Earth | 28 | |
| 93032230 | footbinding | Practice in Chinese society to mutilate women's feet in order to make them smaller; produced pain and restricted woman's movement; made it easier to confine women to the household. - Asia's version of Islam's veil | 29 |
