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Chapter 12 : Tang and Song Era Flashcards

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101097052the situation at the end of the Qin-Han period...?Non-Chinese nomads ruled much of China and a foreign religion, Buddhism, eclipsed Confucian teachings.0
101097053The dynasty that ended the period of political chaos after the fall of the Qin-Han was theSui1
101097054What was it like after the Han dynasty collapsed?thought degenerated into the quest for magical cures, no new technology, trade and city life declined, nomadic raids2
101097055What made possible the rapid revival of empire under the Tang?the preservation in the many kingdoms of the Confucian traditions that had been central to Chinese civilization3
101097056The man responsible for the creation of the Sui dynasty wasWendi4
101097057What was the primary reform enacted during the reign of the first Sui emperor?the creation of granaries to relieve the threat of famine5
101097058What led to the downfall of the Sui dynasty?excessive expenses associated with grandiose building projects and military campaigns6
101097059What ministry of the central imperial government was responsible for the administration of the examination system?Rites7
101097060entry into the Chinese bureaucracy...?Although a higher percentage of candidates received office through the examination system than during the Han dynasty, birth continued to be important in securing high office.8
101097061What Tang ruler actually attempted to have Buddhism recognized as a state religion?Empress Wu9
101097062What proved to be the most damaging attack on Buddhism's popularity with the people during the early Tang dynasty?the Confucians' successful campaign to convince the emperor that the Buddhist monastic establishment represented an economic threat10
101097063What was the impact on Confucianism of the Tang repression of the Buddhists?Confucianism emerged as the central ideology of Chinese civilization until the twentieth century.11
101097064What accounts for the relative weakness of the Song empire?The military was subordinated to the civilian administrators of the scholar-gentry, leaving the dynasty vulnerable to nomadic dynasties on the frontier.12
101097065Why was the construction of the Grand Canal necessary?The Yangtze River valley was becoming the major food-producing region of China by the late Tang era.13
101097066developments during the period of commercial expansion during the Tang and Song dynasties?large markets, better commercial organization, more trade, more technology14
101097067intellectual schools was responsible for the production of most literary and artistic works during the Tang-Song era?Confucian15
101097068What was the primary difference between marriages of the upper and lower classes in Tang-Song China?Households of the lower classed tended not to be patriarchal.16
101097069What artisan was responsible for the development of movable type?Li Bo17
101097070During the political crisis following the fall of the Han, the Great Wallbecame ineffective as a barrier to invasion, because it was held by many small kingdoms.18
101097071The support of which of the following groups was most critical to the reunification of China under the Sui?the nomadic warrior elite19
101097072Under the first Sui emperor...?ever-ready granaries were created to relieve the threat of famine.20
101097073Excessive military expenses and grandiose building projects led tothe downfall of the second Sui emperor and the collapse of the dynasty.21
101097074Li Yuan was....?the Duke of Tang, founder of the new dynasty.22
101097075What was the attitude of the Tang emperors toward the Confucian scholar-gentry?The Tang supported the resuscitation of the Confucian scholar-gentry, often at the expense of the aristocracy.23
101097076What was the title reserved for those who passed the most difficult exams on all of Chinese literature?jinshi24
101097077Pure Land Buddhism...?stressed salvation25
101097078As a result of imperial suppression,Buddhism survived in a reduced state without much political influence.26
101097079Yang Guifei wasan imperial concubine who exerted great influence on a Tang emperor and introduced many of her relatives into the imperial government.27
101097080What accounts for the relative weakness of the Song empire?The military was subordinated to the civilian administrators of the scholar-gentry, leaving the dynasty vulnerable to nomadic dynasties on the frontier.28
101097081Under the Song emperors, the scholar-gentrycontinued its ascent over its aristocratic and Buddhist rivals29
101097082Zhu Xi was...?the most prominent of the neo-Confucians during the Song era.30
101097083The growing influence of neo-Confucianism in China during the Tang-Song eraled to reinforcement of class, age, and gender distinctions.31
101097084What Song prime minister in the 1070s and 1080s attempted to introduce reforms based on the Legalist school of Confucianism?Wang Anshi32
101097085What invading group caused the flight of the Song from northern China?Jurchens33
101195016Period of political division that followed the Qin-Han Era?Era of Division34
101195017The second Sui emperor favored what?Confucian scholar gentry35
101195018Elite china were attracted to what kind of Buddhism?Chan36
101195019What dynasty's unity could not be restored?Liao37
123059871How does foot binding diminished the independence of Chinese women?foot binding sufficiently crippled women to effectively confine their mobility to the household38
123059872During the song dynasty the interest of Confucian intellectuals in nature was most apparent in their production of what?landscape paintings39
123059873Song compared to Tang?Song empire was smaller in territorial extent than tang empire40
123059874Urbanization of China during the Tang Song era?chinese urbanization mushroomed during the tang song era with a higher proportion of the population living in cities than that found in any other civilization41
123059875Extent of tang empire?Tang built an empire far larger than that of the early han, an empire whose boundaries in many directions extended beyond borders to modern china42
123059876Status of women in Tang Song era?assertion of male dominance within the family and beyond was especially pronounced in the thinking of the neo-confucian philosophers43

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