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Chapter 13 Flashcards

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259642831Astrolabean astronomical instrument used to measure the altitude of the sun and the stars above the horizon0
259642832AudienciasLatin American advisory group that also functioned as supreme judicial bodies1
259642833Bantua large African language group of peoples who were mainly farmers2
259642834Batiksoutheast Asian technique for decorating textiles3
259642835Caraveltype of wooden sailing ship that made long range exploration possible in the fifteenth century; they were known for maneuverability, speed and lateen sails along with great carrying capacity4
259642836Colombian ExchangeEuropean expansion into the Americas that initiated the exchange of plants, animals, and diseases5
259642837Conquistadors"conquerors", leaders in the Spanish conquests in the Americas, especially Mexico and Peru, in the Sixteenth Century6
259642838Encomiendasystem used by the Spanish to conquer and settle the New World; it permitted conquering Spaniards to collect tribute from the natives and use them as slaves7
259642839Entrepreneurone who organizes, operates, and assumes the risk in a business venture in the expectation of making a profit8
259642840Lateen Sailstriangular sails, spread from Islamic world to the European, combined with the square rig9
259642841Maniaca tuber plant native to the New World that is used in the manufacture of tapioca10
259642842Mercantilisman economic theory that held that a nation's prosperity depended on its supply of gold and silver and that the total volume of trade is unchangeable; therefore, advocated that the government play an active role in the economy by encouraging exports and discouraging imports, especially through the use of tariffs11
259642843Middle Passagesarduous journey of slaves from Africa to the Americas, up to a third of the slaves died12
259642844Portolanidetailed charts made by medieval navigators and mathematicians in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries; they were drawn on a flat scale and didn't take into account the curvarture of the earth13
259642845Shari'aIslamic law code14
259642846Theravadasect of Buddhism that emphasizes the original teachings of Buddha; considers Buddhism a way of life not a salvationist creed; means the teachings of the elders15
259642847UlamaMuslim community of scholars16

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