Terms : Hide Images
| 47859990 | Vasco de Gama | A Portugese sailor who was the first European to sail around southern Africa to the Indian Ocean. | |
| 47859991 | Christopher Colombus | Italian explorer in service with Spain who arrived in the Americas in 1492. | |
| 47859992 | Ferdinand Magellan | Portuguese navigator in the service of Spain; reached the Philippines and circumnavigated the world. | |
| 47859993 | Vasco de Balboa | First Spanish captain to begin settlement on the mainland of Mesoamerica in 1509; initial settlement eventually led to conquest of Aztec and Inca empires by other captains. | |
| 47859994 | Francisco Pizarro | Spanish explorer who conquered the Incas in what is now Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541). | |
| 47859995 | East India Companies | British, French, and Dutch trading companies that obtained government monopolies of trdae to india dn Asia; acted independently in their regions (in Indian Ocean area). | |
| 47859996 | Columbian Exchange | The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. | |
| 47859997 | Lepanto | Naval battle between Spain and the Ottoman Empire resulting in Spanish victory in 1571; demonstrated European naval superiority over Muslims. | |
| 47859998 | Core nations | Nations, usually European, that enjoyed profit from world economy; controlled international banking and commercial services such as shipping; exported manufactured goods for raw materials. | |
| 47859999 | Dependent economic zones | Regions within the world economy that produced raw materials; dependent on European markets and shipping; tendency to build systems based on forced and cheap labor. | |
| 47860000 | Treaty of Paris | Treaty that ended the Seven Years War in 1783. | |
| 47860001 | Cape Colony | Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire; by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with Bantus. | |
| 47860002 | Boers | Proclaimed their independence and defended their land against the British armies. By the 1880s, they and the British armies had taken control much of South Africa from several African peoples. | |
| 47860003 | Calcutta | Headquarters of British East India Company in Bengal in Indian subcontinent; located on Ganges; captured in 1756 during early part of Seven Years' War; later became administrative center for all of Bengal. | |
| 47860004 | Cape of Good Hope | Cape on the southern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese in search of direct route to India. | |
| 47860005 | Mercantilism | An economic system (Europe in 18th century) to increase a nation's wealth by government regulation of all of the nation's commercial interests. | |
| 47860006 | Mestizos | People of mixed European and Indian ancestry in Mesoamerica and South America; particularly prevalent in areas colonized by Spain; often part of forced labor system. | |
| 47860007 | John Locke | English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property. |
