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| 256682334 | Oligarchy | -A government by the few, usually a privileged aristocracy. -The pre-Civil War South resembled this form of government. -The planter aristocracy heavily influenced the government since it was they who had most of the wealth and political and social power. | |
| 256682335 | Denmark Vesey | (1767-1822) A free black who led an ill fated rebellion in Charleston in 1822. -He and more than thirty of his followers were betrayed by informers and publicly hanged. | |
| 256682336 | Nat Turner | (1800-1831) A visionary black preacher who led an uprising in 1831 that slaughtered sixty Virginians, mostly women and children. -Repercussions were swift and bloody. -He was executed after the rebellion failed. | |
| 256682337 | American Colonization Society | (est. 1817) Reflected he focus of early abolitionists on transporting free blacks back to Africa. -It established a West African settlement intended as a haven for emancipated slaves in Liberia. | |
| 256682338 | Republic of Liberia | -West African nation founded in 1822 as a haven for freed blacks, fifteen thousand of whom made their way back across the Atlantic by the 1860s. -Its capital was named Monrovia for President Monroe. | |
| 256682339 | Theodore Dwight Weld | (1803-1895) Simple and straight thinking abolitionist who had been greatly influenced by the spirit of the Second Great Awakening. -Expelled from Lane Theological Seminary in 1834 for organizing an eighteen day debate on slavery -Proceeded to travel to the Old Northwest where he publicly denounced slavery. -Wrote the influential abolitionist pamphlet "American Slavery as It Is" in 1839. | |
| 256682340 | William Lloyd Garrison | (1805-1879) Most conspicuous and most vilified of the abolitionists, he was a nonresistant pacifist and a poor organizer influenced by the Second Great Awakening. -He favored northern secession from the South and antagonized both sections with his intemperate language. -Published the first issue of his militantly anti-slavery newspaper The Liberator. -In doing so he triggered a thirty year war of words and in a sense fired one of the opening barrages of the Civil War. -He and his followers founded the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833. | |
| 256682341 | The Liberator | (1831-1865) Anti-slavery newspaper published by William Lloyd Garrison, who called for the immediate emancipation of all slaves. -Helped to gain him a following and led to a literary battle over slavery that foreshadowed the opening battles of the Civil War. | |
| 256682342 | American Anti-Slavery Society | (1833-1870) Abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison and his followers, which advocated for the immediate abolition of slavery. -Some of its prominent members include the Bostonian Wendell Phillips and the former slave Frederick Douglass. -By 1838 the organization had more than 250,000 members across 1,350 chapters. | |
| 256682343 | David Walker | (1785-1830) Black abolitionist who was famous for his unflinching demands that slavery abolished in America. -Published his Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World in 1829, which advocated a bloody end to white supremacy. | |
| 256682344 | Sojourner Truth | (1797-1883) A freed black woman in New York who fought tirelessly for black emancipation and women's rights. -Also known as "Isabella," she could hold an audience spellbound with her deep, resonant voice and the religious passion with which she condemned the sin of slavery. | |
| 256682345 | Martin Delaney | (1812-1885) One of the few black leaders to take the notion of mass recolonization of Africa seriously. -Visited West Africa's Niger Valley in 1859 while seeking a suitable site for relocation. | |
| 256682346 | Frederick Douglass | (1817?-1895) Born a slave in Maryland, he escaped to the North and became the most prominent of the black abolitionists. -Gifted as an orator, writer, and editor he continued to battle for the civil rights of his people after emancipation. -Served as a US minister to Haiti. -Well known for his famous autobiography which effectively told of his experiences growing up as a slave. -He and his followers looked to politics, especially in the backing of political parties, in order to abolish slavery. | |
| 256682347 | Gag-Resolution | -Bill that prohibited debate or action on antislavery appeals. -Proposed by southerners in the House of Representatives in an effort to suppress the constant petitions that arrived in Congress daily from antislavery reformers. -Driven through the House in 1836 by pro-slavery Southerners, it passed every year for eight years. -It was eventually overturned with the help of John Quincy Adams who saw it as a grave violation of the right of petition. | |
| 256682348 | Free-soilers | -People who did not support the outright abolishing of slavery but who did not want it extended into any of the new Western territories -More moderate position that became popular in the North. |
