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Chapter 20-22 Quiz - AP World History Flashcards

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5813916831Triangular TradeCommerce linking Africa, the New World colonies, and Europe; slaves carried to America for sugar and tobacco transported to Europe0
5813920033Osei TutuMember of Oyoko clan of Akan peoples in Gold Coast region of Africa; responsibile for creating unified Asante Empire in 1701; utilized Western firearms1
5813928164AsanteheneTitle taken by ruler of Asante Empire; supreme civil and religious leader; authority symbolized by golden stool2
5813930505DahomeyKingdom developed among Fon or Aja peoples in 17th century; center at Abomey 70 miles from coast; under King Agaja expanded to control coastline and part of Whydah by 1727; accepted Western firearms and goods in return for African slaves3
5813935184FulaniPastoral people of western Sudan; adopted purifying Sufi variant of Islam; under Usuman Dan Fodio in 1804, launched revolt against Hausa kingdoms, established state centered on Sokoto4
5813941064MfecaneWars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization in southern Africa5
5813944262Great TrekMovement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal6
5813949553Middle PassageSlave voyage from Africa to the Americas(16th-18th centuries); apparently a traumatic experience for black slaves, although it failed to strip Africans of their culture7
5813954382WilberforceBritish statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 18078
5813971502BoersDutch farmers who had crossed the Orange River in search of new lands9
5813972730DiasporaA scattered population whose origin lies within a smaller geographic locale10
5813976493SafavidsOriginally a Turkic nomadic group; family originated in Sufi mystic group; espoused Shi'ism; conquered territory and established kingdom in region equivalent to modern Iran; lasted until 172211
5813981657OttomansTurkic people who advanced from strongholds in Asia Minor during 1350s; conquered large part of Balkons; unified under Mehmed I; captured Constantinople in 1453; established empire from Balkons that included most of Arab world12
5813992131JanissariesOttoman infantry divisions that dominated Ottoman armies; forcibly conscripted as boys in conquered areas of Balkons, legally slaves; translated military service into political influence, particularly after 15th century13
5814014758VizierOttoman equivalent of the Abbasid wazir; head of the Ottoman bureaucracy; after 5th century often more powerful than sultan14
5814018625Abbas the GreatSafavid ruler from 1587 to 1629; extended Safavid domain to greatest extent; created slave regiments based on captured Russians, who monopolized firearms within Safavid armies; incorporated western military technology15
5814030241ImamsAccording to Shi'Ism, ruler who could trace descent from the successors of Ali16
5814048664MullahsLocal mosque officials and prayer leaders within the Safavid empire; agents of Safavid religious campaign to convert all of population to Shi'Ism17
5814080345IsfahanSafavid capital under Abbas the Great; planned city laid out according to Shah's plan; example of Safavid architecture18
5814093432BaburFounder of Mughal dynasty in India; descended from Turkic warriors; first led invasion of India in 1526 and died in 153019
5814096070AkbarSon and successor of Humayan; oversaw building of military and administrative systems that became typical of Mughal rule in India; pursued policy of cooperation with Hindu princes; attempted to create new religion to bind Muslim and Hindu populations of India20
5814101319Taj MahalMost famous architectural achievement of Mughal India; originally built as a new mausoleum for the wife of Shah Jahan, Mumtaz Mahal21
5814105889MughalsEstablished by Babur in India in 1526; the name is taken from the supposed Mongol descent of Babur, but there is little indication of any Mongol influence in the dynasty; became weak after rule of Aurangezeb in first decades of 18th century22
5814111140Asian Sea Trading NetworkPrior to the intervention of Europeans; consisted of three zones: Arab zones based on glass, carpets, and tapestries; India based on cotton textiles; China based on paper, porcelain, and silks23
5814117507HongwuFirst Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name was Zhu Yuanzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar-gentry24
5814123385IeyasuVassal of Toyotomi Hideyoski; succeeded him as most powerful military figure in Japan; granted title of shogun in 1603 and established Tokugawa Shogunate; established political unity in Japan25
5814127621EdoFormer name of Tokyo and was the seat of power for the Tokugawa Shogunate26
5814129256Tokugawa ShogunateThe last feudal Japanese military government, which existed between 1603 and 186727
5814132180Ming DynastyThe restoration of ethnic Chinese rule and the reunification of the country28
5814134158Admiral ZhengheA Hui court eunuch, mariner, explorer, diplomat, and fleet admiral during China's early Ming Dynasty29

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