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Chapter 22 AP World History Flashcards

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5677735288caravelsShips with triangular sails that could sail against the wind, a rudder, cannons, and a compass or astrolabe0
5677735289MalaccaPort city in the modern Southeast Asian country of Malaysia, founded about 1400 as a trading center on the Strait of Malacca.1
5677735290Treaty of GijantiSigned in 1757; reduced remaining Javanese princes to vassals of Dutch East India Company; allowed Dutch to monopolize production of coffee on Java.2
5677735291Francis XavierEarly Jesuit missionary often called the Apostle to the Indies. From 1541 he traveled through India, Japan, and the East Indies, making many converts.3
5677735292MacaoOne of two ports in which Europeans were permitted to trade in China during the Ming dynasty4
5677735293Matteo RicciPortuguese Jesuit missionary who went to China, assimilated into Chinese culture and language and ran a Christian mission in China.5
5677735294ManchusNortheast Asian peoples who defeated the Ming Dynasty and founded the Qing Dynasty in 1644.6
5677735295Tokugawa IeyasuVassal of Toyotomi Hideyoshi; succeeded him as most powerful military figure in Japan; granted title of shogun in 1603 and established political unity in Japan7
5677735296GoaGoa is a state in western India with coastlines stretching along the Arabian Sea8
5677735297BataviaFort established in 1619 as headquarters of Dutch East India Company operations in Indonesia; today the city of Jakarta.9
5677735298LuzonNorthern island of Philippines; conquered by Spain during the 1560s; site of major Catholic missionary effort.10
5677735299Robert Di NobiliItalian Jesuit missionary; worked in India during the early 1600s; introduced strategy to convert elites at first; strategy later widely adapted by Jesuits in various parts of Asia; mission eventually failed.11
5677735300CantonOne of the 2 port cities where Europeans were permitted to trade with China during the Ming Dynasty.12
5677735301Adam SchallAlong with Matteo Ricci, Jesuit scholar in court of Ming emperors; skilled scientist; won few converts to Christianity13
5677735302NobunagaThe first Japanese daimyo to make extensive use of firearms; in 1573 deposed the last Ashikaga shogun; unified much of central Honshu; died in 1582.14
5677735303EdoTokugawa capital city, modern day Tokyo, center of Tokugawa Shogunate15
5677735304Asian sea-trading networkprior to intervention of Europeans, consisted of three zones: Arab zone base on glass, carpets, and tapestries: India based on cotton textiles; China based on paper, porcelain, and silks16
5677735305OrmuzPortuguese establishment at the southern end of the Persian Gulf; a major trading base.17
5677735306Dutch trading empireThe Dutch system extending into Asia with fortified towns and factories, warships on patrol, and monopoly control of a limited number of products.18
5677735307MindanaoSouthern Island of Philippines; a Muslim kingdom that was able to successfully resist Spanish Conquest.19
5677735308HongwuFirst Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name Zhu Yuanzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar-gentry20
5677735309Zhenghe expeditionsSeries of seven overseas trade expeditions under third Ming emperor, Yunglo; led by court eunuch Zhenghe between 1405 and 1433; only Chinese attempt to create worldwide trade empire.21
5677735310Chongzhenlast of the Ming rulers; committed suicide in 1644 as rebels invaded the Forbidden City of Beijing.22
5677735311Toyotomi Hideyoshigeneral under Nobunaga; leading military power in central Japan; broke power of the diamyos; became military master in 159023
5677735312DeshimaIsland in Nagasaki Bay; only port open to non-Japanese after closure of the islands in the 1640s; only Chinese and Dutch ships were permitted to enter.24
5677735313school of National LearningNew ideology that laid emphasis on Japan's unique historical experience and the revival of indigenous culture.25

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