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| 125124049 | Astrolabe | Navigational instrument for determining latitude. | 0 | |
| 125124050 | Christianity | Religion emerging from Middle East in the first century C.E. holding Jesus to be the son of God who sacrificed himself on behalf of mankind. | 1 | |
| 125124051 | Columbian Exchange | Global proliferation of plants, crops, animals, human populations, and diseases following Columbus' voyage. | 2 | |
| 125124052 | Cross staff | Device that sailors used to determine latitude by measuring the angle of the sun or pole star above the horizon. | 3 | |
| 125124053 | East India Company | British joint-stock company that grew to be a state within a state in India; it possessed its own armed forces. | 4 | |
| 125124054 | Joint-stock companies | Early forerunner of the modern corporation; individuals who invested in a trading or exploring venture could make huge profits while limiting their risk. | 5 | |
| 125124055 | Manila | Busy port city that became the Spanish capital of the Philippines following Spanish conquest of the Philippines in 1565. | 6 | |
| 125124056 | Manila Galleons | Heavily armed, fast ships that brought luxury goods from China to Mexico and carried silver from Mexico to China. | 7 | |
| 125124057 | Melaka | Powerful Islamic state of the fifteenth century in southeast Asia. | 8 | |
| 125124058 | Seven Years War | Conflict (1756-1763) in which Britain fought in Europe, India, North America, and Asia and established hegemony. | 9 | |
| 125124059 | United East India Company (VOC) | Dutch joint-stock company, founded in 1602, that operated Dutch trading posts with government support but with little government oversight. | 10 | |
| 125124060 | Volta do mar | "Return through the sea," a fifteenth-century Portuguese sea route that took advantage of the prevailing winds and currents. | 11 | |
| 125124061 | Wind wheels | Prevailing wind patterns in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans north and south of the equator; their discovery made sailing much safer and quicker. | 12 |
