Terms : Hide Images
| 145245721 | Population Revolution | Huge growth in population in western Europe beginning about 1730: prelude to industrialization | 0 | |
| 145245722 | Protoindustrialization | Preliminary shift away from an agricultural economy; workers became full- or part-time pproducers who worked at home in a capitalist system in which materials, work, orders, and sales depended on urban merchants; prelude to Industrial Revolution | 1 | |
| 145245723 | American Revolution | Rebellion of the British American Atlantic seaboard colonies; ended with the formation of the independent United States | 2 | |
| 145245724 | French Revolution | Overthrow of the Bourban monarchy through a revolution beginning in 1789; created a republic and eventually ended with Napoleon's French empire; the source of many liberal movements and constitutions in Eruope | 3 | |
| 145245725 | Louis XVI | Bourbon ruler of France who was executed during the radical phase of the french Revolution | 4 | |
| 145245726 | Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen | Adopted during the French Revolution; proclaimed the equality of French citizens; became a source document for later liberal movements | 5 | |
| 145245727 | Guillotine | Introduced as a method of "humane" execution; used during the french Revolution against thousands of individuals, especially during the Reing of Terror | 6 | |
| 145245728 | Napoleon Bonaparte | Army officer who rose in rank during the wars of the French Revolution; ended the democratic phase of the Revolution; became emperor; depsed and exiled in 1815 | 7 | |
| 145245729 | Congress of Vienna | Met in 1815 after the defeat of France to restor the European balance of power | 8 | |
| 145245730 | Liberalism | Political ideology that flourished in 19th century western Europe; stressed limited state interference in private life, representation of the people in government; urged importance of constitutional rule and parliaments | 9 | |
| 145245731 | Radicals | Followers of a 19th century Western Europe political emphasis; advocated broader voting rights than liberals did; urged reforms favoring the lower classes | 10 | |
| 145245732 | Socialism | Political idealogy in 19th century Europe; attacked priate property in the name of equality; wanted state control of means of production and an end to capitalistic exploration of the working class | 11 | |
| 145245733 | Nationalism | European 19th century viewpoint, often allied with other "isms"; urged the importance of national unity; valued a collective identity based on ethnic origins | 12 | |
| 145245734 | Greek Revolutioin | Rebellion of the greeks against the Ottoman Empire in 1820; a key step in the disintergration of the Turkish Bulkan Empire | 13 | |
| 145245735 | French Revolution of 1830 | Second revolution against the Bourbon dynasty; a liberal movement that created a bourgeois government under a moderate monarchy | 14 | |
| 145245736 | Bulgian Revolution of 1830 | Produced Belgian independence from the Dutch; established a constitutional monarchy | 15 | |
| 145245737 | Reform Bill of 1832 | British legislation that extended the vote to most male members of the middle class | 16 | |
| 145245738 | James Watt | Devised a steam engine in the 1770s that could be used for production in many industeries; a key step in the Industrial Revolution | 17 | |
| 145245739 | Factory System | Intensification of all the processes of production at a single site during the Industrail Revolution; involved greater organization of labor and increased discipline | 18 | |
| 145245740 | Luddites | Workers in Britan who responded to the replacement of thier labor by machines during the Industrail Revolution by attemping to destroy machines; named after the fictional worker Ned Ludd | 19 | |
| 145245741 | Chartist Movement | Unseccessful attempt by British artisans and workers to gain the vote during the 1840s | 20 | |
| 145245742 | French Revolution of 1848 | Overthrew the French monarchy established in1830; briefly established the Second French Republic | 21 | |
| 145245743 | Revolutioins of 1848 | The nationalist and liberal movements in Italy, Germany, Austria-Hungary; after tempory succes they were surpressed | 22 | |
| 145245744 | Louis Pateur | Discovery of germs and of the purifying process named after him | 23 | |
| 145245745 | Benjamin Disraeli | British politician; granted the vote to working-class men in 1867: an example of censervative politicains keeping stability through the reform | 24 | |
| 145245746 | Count Camillo di Cavour | Architect of Italian unification in 1858; created a consstitutional Italian monarchy under the king of Piedmont | 25 | |
| 145245747 | Otto von Bismarck | Conservative prime mminister of Prussia; architect of German inification under the Prussian king in 1871; used liberal reforms to mantian stability | 26 | |
| 145245748 | American Civil War (1861-1865) | Fought to prevent secession of the southern state; the first war to incorporate the products and techniques of the Industrial Revolution; resulted in the abolition of slaery and the reunification of the United States | 27 | |
| 145245749 | Transformismo | Political system in Italy that allied conservatives and liberal in support of the status quo | 28 | |
| 145245750 | Social Question | Isses relating to workers and women in western Euroope during the Industrail Revolution; became more critical thean constitutional issues after 1870 | 29 | |
| 145245751 | Karl Marx | German socialist who saw history as a class struggle between groups out of power and those controling the means of production; preched the inevitability of social revolution and the creation of a proletarain dictatorship | 30 | |
| 145245752 | Revisionsm | Socialist thought that disagreed with Marx's formulations; believed that socail and economical progress could be achieved through exsisting political institutioins | 31 | |
| 145245753 | Feminist Movement | Sought legal and economical gains for women, among them equal access to professions and higher education, come to concentrate on the right to vote, won initial support from middle-class women | 32 | |
| 145245754 | Mass Leisure Culture | An aspect of the later Industrail Revolution; decreased time at work and offered opportunities for new forms og lesiure times, such as vacation trips and sports | 33 | |
| 145245755 | Charles Darwin | Biologist who developed the thoery of evolution of species; argued that all living forms evolved through the successful ability to adapt in a struggle for survival | 34 | |
| 145245756 | Albert Einstein | Formulated mathematical theories to explain the dehavior of pplanetary motion and the movement of electrical particles, in about 1900 issued the thoery of relativity | 35 | |
| 145245757 | Sigmund Freud | Viennese physicain who developed theories of the workings of the human subconscious, argued that behavor is determined by impulses | 36 | |
| 145245758 | Romanticism | 19th century western European artistic and literary movement, held that emotion and impressions, not reason, were the keys to the mysteries of human experience and natue; sought to portray passions, not calm reflection | 37 | |
| 145245759 | Triple Alliance | Alliance among Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy at the end of the 19th century; part of the European balance of power system before World War I | 38 | |
| 145245760 | Triple Entente | Agreement betwenn Britan. Russia, and France in 1907; part of the european balance of power system before World War I | 39 | |
| 145245761 | Balkan Nationalism | Movements to create independent states and reunite ethnic groups in the Balkans; provoked cirses within the European alliance system that ended the outbreak of World War I | 40 | |
| 145245762 | Industrail Revolution | Series of changes in economy of Western Nations between 1740 and 20th century; stimulated by rapid population growth, increase in agricultural productivity, commercal revolution in the 17th century, and the deelopment of new means of transportation; in essence involved technological change and the application of machines to the process of production | 41 | |
| 145245763 | Age of Revolution | Period of political upheval beinning roughly with te American Revolution in 1775 and continuing through the French Revolution of 1789 and te other movements for change up to 1848 | 42 | |
| 145245764 | Conservative | political viewpoint with origins in western europe during the 19th century; opposed revolutionary goals; advanced restoration of monarchy and defense of the church | 43 | |
| 145245765 | Imperialism | the policy of expanding nation territory through colonization and conquest | 44 |
