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Chapter 4 part 2 Flashcards

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255953457PhilosophyA search for a general understanding of values and reality by chiefly speculative rather than observable means0
255953458CosmosUniverse1
255953459Natural LawSet of phenomena in nature that when properly understood explain why certain things happen2
255953460EpistemologyStudy or theory of nature and grounds of knowledge especially with reference to its limits and validity3
255953461SocratesPhilosopher in Greece in the Classical age of philosophy, 470-399 BC. Created Socratic method of teaching used today, wanted his students to challenge something then prove its validity. His writings all written by his student Plato.4
283122045PlatoStudent of Socrates, wrote The Republic about the perfectly governed society5
283122046AristotleGreek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the Great, and the author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poetics, he profoundly influenced Western thought. In his philosophical system, which led him to criticize what he saw as Plato's metaphysical excesses, theory follows empirical observation and logic, based on the syllogism, is the essential method of rational inquiry.6
283122047Ecclesiasticalhaving to do with the church7
283122048Hubrisarrogance8
283122049Homerancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)9
283122050HetairayEntertainer prostitutes10
283122051Alexander the Greatson of Philip II; received military training in Macedonian army and was a student of Aristotle; great leader; conquered much land in Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, and Mesopotamia; goal was to conquer the known world11
283122052Cynicismn. Contempt for the opinions of others and of what others value.12
283122053Epicureanismphilosophy founded by Epicurus in Hellenistic Athens; taught that happiness through the pursuit of pleasure was the goal of life13
283122054Stoicismthe philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno -- emphasized reason as a means of understanding the natural state of things, or logos, and as a means of freeing oneself from emotional distress14

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