1797618406 | Basal body | a eukaryotic cell structure that may organize the microtubule assembly of a cilium or flagella | 0 | |
1797618407 | Cell wall | a protective layer external to the plasma membrane in the cells of plants, prokaryotes, fungi, and some protists | 1 | |
1797618408 | Centriole | a structure in the centrosome of an animal cell composed of a cylinder of microtubule triplets arranged in a 9+0 pattern | 2 | |
1797618409 | Centrosome | structure present in the cytoplasm of animal cells, important during cell division; functions as a microtubule organizing center | 3 | |
1797618410 | Central vacuole | a membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction, growth, and development | 4 | |
1797618411 | Chloroplast | an organelle found in plants and photosynthetic protists that absorbs sunlight and uses it to drive the synthesis of organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water | 5 | |
1797618412 | Chromatin | the complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome | 6 | |
1797618413 | Chromosome | a cellular structure carrying genetic material, found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells | 7 | |
1797618414 | Cilia | short cellular appendages containing microtubules that can be used for locomotion or sensory and signaling roles | 8 | |
1797618415 | Actin | a globular protein that links into chains, two of which twist helically about each other forming microfilaments in muscle cells | 9 | |
1797618416 | Collagen | a glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix of cells that forms strong fibers found extensively in connective tissue and bone | 10 | |
1797618417 | Contractile Vacuoles | a membranous sac that helps move excess water out of certain fresh water protists | 11 | |
1797618418 | Cortex | the outer region of cytoplasm in a eukaryotic cell, lying just under the plasma membrane | 12 | |
1797618419 | Cristae | folds of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that houses electron transport chains and molecules of the enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of ATP | 13 | |
1797618420 | Cytoskeleton | a network of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments that branch throughout the cytoplasm and serve a variety of mechanical, transport, and signaling functions | 14 | |
1806272179 | Cytoplasm | the contents of the cell, exclusive of the nucleus and bounded by the plasma membrane | 15 | |
1806275163 | Cytoplasmic Streaming | a circular flow of cytoplasm, involving myosin and actin filaments, that speeds the distribution of materials within cells | 16 | |
1806276656 | Cytosol | the semifluid portion of the cytoplasm | 17 | |
1806301010 | Dynein | in cilia and flagella, a large contractile protein extending from one microtubule doublet to the adjacent doublet. ATP hydrolysis drives changes in dynein shape that lead to bending of cilia and flagella | 18 | |
1806303062 | Endomembrane System | the collection of membranes inside and around a eukaryotic cell | 19 | |
1806304590 | Endoplasmic Reticulum | an extensive membraneous network in eukaryotic cells, continuous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed of ribosome studded and ribosome free regions | 20 | |
1806305925 | Eukaryotic Cell | a type of cell with a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles | 21 | |
1806308393 | Extracellular Matrix | the substance in which animal cells are embedded, consisting of protein and polysaccharides synthesized and secreted by cells | 22 | |
1806322125 | Fibronectin | a glycoprotein that helps animal cells attach to the extracellular matrix | 23 | |
1806327541 | Flagella | long cellular appendages specialized for locomotion | 24 | |
1806330357 | Food Vacuoles | a membranous sac formed by phagocytosis of microorganisms or particles to be used as food by the cell | 25 | |
1806332605 | Glycoprotein | a protein with one or more carbohydrates covalently attached to it | 26 | |
1806338915 | Golgi Apparatus | an organelle in eukaryotic cells consisting of stacks of flat membranous sacs that modify, store, and route products of the endoplasmic reticulum | 27 | |
1806342047 | Granum | a stack of membrane bounded thylakoids in the chloroplast that function in the light reactions of photosynthesis | 28 | |
1806347665 | Integrin | a transmembrane receptor protein that interconnects the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton in animal cells | 29 | |
1806349391 | Intermediate Filament | a component of the cytoskeleton that includes filaments intermediate in size between microtubules and microfilaments | 30 | |
1806354043 | Lysosome | a membrane enclosed sac of hydrolytic enzymes found in the cytoplasm of animal cells | 31 | |
1806356665 | Microfilament | a cable composed of actin proteins in the cytoplasm of almost every eukaryotic cell | 32 | |
1806358143 | Microtubule | a hollow rod composed of tubulin proteins that make up part of the cytoskeleton in all eukaryotic cells and is found in cilia and flagella | 33 | |
1806359475 | Middle lamella | in plants, a thin layer of adhesive extracellular material, primarily pectins, found between the primary walls of adjacent young cells | 34 | |
1806360626 | Mitochondria | organelles in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration | 35 | |
1806361927 | Mitochondrial matrix | the compartment of the mitochondrion enclosed by the inner membrane and containing enzymes and substrates for the citric acid cycle | 36 | |
1806363611 | Motor proteins | a protein that interacts with cytoskeletal elements and other cell components, producing movement of the whole cell or parts of the cell | 37 | |
1806365326 | Myosin | a type of protein filament that acts as a motor protein with actin filaments to cause cell contraction | 38 | |
1806366463 | Nucleoid | a dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell | 39 | |
1806367609 | Nuclear envelope | the double membrane in a eukaryotic cell that encloses the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm | 40 | |
1806369568 | Nuclear lamina | a netlike array of protein filaments lining the inner surface of the nuclear envelope, it helps maintain the shape of the nucleus | 41 | |
1807258720 | Nucleolus | a specialized structure in the nucleus, consisting of chromatin regions containing ribosomal RNA genes, ribosomal proteins, and ribosomal subunit assembly | 42 | |
1807260156 | Nucleus | the chromosome containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell | 43 | |
1807261801 | Peroxisome | an organelle containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide | 44 | |
1807263304 | Phagocytosis | a type of endocytosis in which large particulate substances are taken up by a cell | 45 | |
1807264591 | Plasma Membrane | the membrane at the boundary of every cell that acts as a selective a barrier, regulating the cell's chemical composition | 46 | |
1807267315 | Plasmodesma | an open channel in the cell wall of a plant through which strands of cytosol connect from an adjacent cell | 47 | |
1807268745 | Plastid | one of a family of closely related organelles that includes chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and amyloplasts. Found in the cells of photosynthetic organisms. | 48 | |
1807271402 | Primary cell wall | in plants, a relatively thin and flexible layer first secreted by a young cell | 49 | |
1807272879 | Prokaryotic cell | a type of cell lacking a membrane enclosed nucleus and membrane enclosed organelles | 50 | |
1807275234 | Proteoglycan | a glycoprotein consisting of a small core protein with many carbohydrate chains attached, found in the extracellular matrix of animal cells | 51 | |
1807398929 | Pseudopodia | cellular extensions of amoeboid cells used in moving and feeding | 52 | |
1807401024 | Ribosomes | a complex of rRNA and protein molecules that functions as a site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm | 53 | |
1807402915 | Rough ER | that portion of the endoplasmic reticulum studded with ribosomes | 54 | |
1807404143 | Secondary cell wall | in plants, a strong and durable matrix often deposited in several laminated layers for cell protection and support | 55 | |
1807409372 | Smooth ER | the portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that is free of ribosomes | 56 | |
1807414932 | Stroma | within the chloroplast, the dense fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane involved in the synthesis of organic molecules from carbon dioxide and water | 57 | |
1807417281 | Thylakoid | a flattened membranous sac inside a chloroplast that contains the molecular machinery used to convert light energy to chemical energy | 58 | |
1807419899 | Vesicles | sacs made of membrane in the cytoplasm | 59 |
Chapter 6 AP Bio Vocab Flashcards
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