Terms : Hide Images
| 12177744494 | age structure | distribution of males and females among age groups in a population |  | 0 |
| 12177744495 | birth rate, or crude birth rate | number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a given year |  | 1 |
| 12177744496 | cultural carrying capacity | optimum level that would allow most people to live in reasonable comfort and freedom without impairing the ability of the planet to sustain future generations. | 2 | |
| 12177744497 | death rate, or crude death rate | the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population in a given year | 3 | |
| 12177744498 | demographic transition | as countries become industrialized, first their death rates and then their birth rates decline |  | 4 |
| 12177790228 | demographic transition phase 1 | slow population growth -high birth rates -high death rates | 5 | |
| 12177797237 | demographic transition phase 2 | rapid population growth -birth rates remain high -death rates decline | 6 | |
| 12177805495 | demographic transition phase 3 | stable population growth -as economy/education grows and people have fewer kids | 7 | |
| 12177815601 | demographic transition phase 4 | declining population growth (Still growing just not as much) -relatively high level of affluence and economic development encourage women to delay having kids | 8 | |
| 12177744499 | family planning | provides educational and clinical services that help couples choose how many children to have and when to have them. | 9 | |
| 12177744500 | fertility rate | the number of children born to a woman during her lifetime. | 10 | |
| 12177744501 | infant mortality rate | the number of children per 1,000 live births who die before one year of age. |  | 11 |
| 12177744502 | life expectancy | the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live |  | 12 |
| 12177744503 | replacement-level fertility rate | average number of children that couples in a population must bear to replace themselves. | 13 | |
| 12178051196 | total fertility rate | average number of children born to women in a population during their reporductive years. | 14 | |
| 12177744504 | developed country replacement fertility rate | 2.1 | 15 | |
| 12177744505 | developing country replacement fertility rate | 2.5 | 16 | |
| 12177744506 | environmental refugees | people who migrate due to shortages of food and water | 17 | |
| 12177858652 | Thomas Malthus | 1798 said human population can outgrow food supply; result will be war, famine, disease. |  | 18 |
| 12177890356 | how did chinese growth rate decline? | gov issued population control program : -educational outreach to marry later and have fewer kids. -increase in availability of contraception, sterilization, nad abortion. 1975-pop growth rate dropped from 2.8% to 1.8%. | 19 | |
| 12177912313 | 1979 one-child policy in china | if followed this policy the family had better access to schools, medical care, housing, governmental jobs, and given longer maternity leave. | 20 | |
| 12177944431 | reasons for pop growth | -mainly because of decrease in death rate. -increased food + more efficient distribution. -improvements in medical/publix health tech. -improvements in sanitation/personal hygiene. -safter water supply. | 21 | |
| 12177967758 | factors affecting birth rate/fertility rates | -cost of raising and educating. -urbanization. -education/employment opportunities. -marriage age. -infant mortality rate. -access to family planning. | 22 | |
| 12177988703 | impacts of human pop growth | -denser population (war, conflict, refugees). -more agricultural production (habitat alteration, loss of biodiversity/ecosystem services). -more resource extraction, manufacturing, and consumption (habitat alteration, more fossil fuel use, global climate change, more waste/pollution). | 23 | |
| 12178021121 | AIDS | -transmitted: sexual contact, sharing needles, syringes. -no cure. -only 5% know they have it. *AIDS kills primarily young adults and leaves many children orphaned; loss of young-adult workers results in not enough workers to support the young and the elderly. | 24 | |
| 12178092203 | pros and cons of economic growth | pros: -higher standard of living -more workers to help elderly and young cons: -increase disease -puts a strain on resources, so prices go up | 25 |
