Terms : Hide Images
| 95522895 | Bedouin | Nomads of the Arabian Peninsula with a culture based on herding and goats | 0 | |
| 95522896 | Shaykhs | Leaders of tribes and cleans within Bedouin society; usually possessed large herds, several wives, and many children. | 1 | |
| 95522897 | Mecca | Arabian commercial center; dominated by the Quraysh; the home of Muhammad and the future center of Islam. | 2 | |
| 95522898 | Medina | Town northeast of Mecca; asked Muhammad to resolve its inter group differences. Muhammad's flight to Medina, the Hijra, in 622 began the Muslim. | 3 | |
| 95522899 | Umayyad | Clan of the Quraysh that dominated Mecca; later an Islamic dynasty. | 4 | |
| 95522900 | Ka'ba | Revered pre-Islamic shrine in Mecca, incorporated into Muslim worship | 5 | |
| 95522901 | Qur'an | The word of God as revealed by Muhammad; made into the holy book of Islam | 6 | |
| 95522902 | Umma | Community of the faithful within Islam | 7 | |
| 95522903 | Zakat | Tax charity obligatory for all Muslims | 8 | |
| 95522904 | Five pillars | The obligatory religious duties for all Muslims; profession of faith, prayer, fasting during Ramadan, zakat, and hajj | 9 | |
| 95522905 | Caliph | The successor to as the head of the Islamic community | 10 | |
| 95522906 | Ali | Cousin and son-in-law of Muhammad; one of the orthodox caliphs; focus for the development of Shi'ism | 11 | |
| 95522907 | Abu Bakr | Succeeded Muhammad as the first caliph | 12 | |
| 95522908 | Ridda Wars | Wars following Muhammad's death; the defeats of rival prophets and the opponents restored the unity of Islam. | 13 | |
| 95522909 | Jihad | Islamic holy war | 14 | |
| 95522910 | Uthman | Third caliph; his assassination set off a civil war within Islam between the Umayyads and Ali | 15 | |
| 95522911 | Battle Of Siffin | Battle fought in 657 between Ali and the Umayyads; led to negations that fragmented Ali's party | 16 | |
| 95522912 | Mu'awiya | First Umayyad caliph; his capital was Damascus | 17 | |
| 95522913 | Sunni | Followers of the majority interpretation within Islam; included the Umayyads | 18 | |
| 95522914 | Shi'a | Followers of Ali's interpretations of Islam | 19 | |
| 95522915 | Karbala | Site of the defeat and death of Husayn, the son of Ali | 20 | |
| 95522916 | Mawali | Non-Arab converts to Islam | 21 | |
| 95522917 | Jizya | Head tax paid by all non-Muslims in Islamic lands | 22 | |
| 95522918 | Dhimmis | "The people of the book", Jews, Christians, later extended to Zoroastrians and Hindus | 23 | |
| 95522919 | Abbasids | Dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads in 750; their capital was Baghdad. | 24 | |
| 95522920 | Wazir | Chief admin official under the Abbasids | 25 | |
| 95522921 | Ayan | The wealthy landed elite that emerged under the Abbasids | 26 | |
| 95522922 | Quraysh Bedouin Tribe | The Umayyad clan of this tribe founded the city of Mecca | 27 | |
| 95522923 | Allah | Islamic term for God | 28 | |
| 95522924 | Khadjidah | First wife of Muhammad | 29 | |
| 95522925 | Hijra | Term used to describe Muhammad's flight to Medina; marks the first year of the Islamic calendar | 30 | |
| 95522926 | Ramadan | The ninth month of the Islamic year that requires daily fasting form sunrise to sunset | 31 | |
| 95522927 | Hajj | Pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca; one of the Five Pillars of Islam | 32 | |
| 95522928 | Damascus | Ancient Islamic cultural center, capital of present day Syria | 33 | |
| 95522929 | Hadiths | Traditions of the prophet Muhammad | 34 | |
| 95522930 | Battle of River Zab | Battle in 750 CE in which Abbasid forces met and defeated an army led by the Umayyad caliph near the Tigris River; the Abbasid victory opened the way for the conquest of Syria and the capture of the Umayyad capital | 35 | |
| 95522931 | Baghdad | Ancient Islamic cultural center on the Tigris River; capital of present-day Iraq | 36 | |
| 95522932 | Dhows | Ships with lateen sails and raised deck at the stern; used along the coasts of east Africa and the Middle East | 37 | |
| 95522933 | Mosque | Islamic temple and place of worship | 38 |
