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| 3014057843 | Selective Permeability | Allows substances to cross it easier than others Ex: Plasma membrane |  | 0 |
| 3014068312 | Amphipathic Molecules | Contains a hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions; making up majority of phospholipids. |  | 1 |
| 3014082088 | Fluid Mosaic Model | A membrane that is a fluid structure with a "mosaic" of proteins embedded into it. | 2 | |
| 3014085068 | Membranes | Composed of proteins and lipids, deducing that membranes like plasma membranes are a phospholipid bilayer. | 3 | |
| 3046878882 | Peripheral Proteins | Proteins bound to the surface of a membrane; hydrophilic properties allow interaction with membrane | 4 | |
| 3046890654 | Integral Proteins | Proteins that penetrate the hydrophobic core of the membrane; amphipathic properties | 5 | |
| 3046896337 | Six Functions of Membrane Proteins | Transport:Aquaporins Enzymatic Activity:Sucrase Signal Transduction:Ligand Cell-cell Recognition:Glyoproteins; Glycolipids Intercellular Joining:Desmosomes | 6 | |
| 3046904828 | Membrane Carbohydrates | Formation of glycolipids from covalently bonding to a lipid Likewise for proteins (glycoproteins) | 7 | |
| 3046922894 | Transport Proteins | Allow movement of hydrophilic substances thru and across a plasma membrane; each protein is UNIQUE and specific for each movement of a substance. | 8 | |
| 3063398818 | Recognization | Surface molecules studding the surface such as Carbohydrates distinguish each other in cell-cell recognition / communication. | 9 | |
| 3063410580 | Hydrophobic Membrane Ability | Hydrophobic substances like Hydrocarbons can quickly pass through the plasma membrane; they can also dissolve quickly into the Lipid Bilayer; However polar molecules cannot easily cross a membrane. | 10 | |
| 3063430647 | Aquaporins | Proteins that facilitate the passage of water; such as molecules of ANP, and ADH | 11 | |
| 3063434646 | Carrier Proteins | Changes the shape of molecules that have been bound to them allowing them to move across the membrane. Changes the solute-binding site across a membrane. | 12 | |
| 3063447287 | Channel Proteins | Hydrophilic channels that ions or molecules can use as a passage through a membrane. | 13 | |
| 3063452217 | Transport Proteins :: | -Disease are caused by malfunction in the systems. Channel Proteins Aquaporins Carrier Proteins | 14 | |
| 3063455441 | Diffusion | Tendency for molecules to spread out into available space (the gradient); movement is random and is comparable to a : Mosh Pit | 15 | |
| 3063463907 | Concentration Gradient | Difference of concentration in one region compared to another region; no processes are needed because molecules contain Kinetic Energy already. | 16 | |
| 3063472664 | Osmosis | Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane; water diffuses from a concentration of low gradient to a high concentration gradient. | 17 | |
| 3063493263 | Passive Transport | Diffusion of a substance across a membrane; requires no energy because it does this naturally (passively). | 18 | |
| 3063497870 | Tonicity | Ability for a cell to gain or lose water; it's controlled through the ability of an solution. | 19 | |
| 3063502667 | Isotonic Solution | Concentration of Solute is the same, outside and inside, and has no net water movement (diffusion). | 20 | |
| 3063508464 | Hypertonic Solution | Concentration of Solute is greater outside than inside, however the cell lacks water and loses water in turn. | 21 | |
| 3063513886 | Hypotonic Solution | Concentration of Solute is less than that inside the cell, in turn the cell gains water. | 22 | |
| 3063532104 | Hypo/Hyper-tonic Cell | Creates the osmotic problems within and for organisms, creates cellular inhibitation; Paramecium : Hypertonic to pondwater. | 23 | |
| 3063539165 | Osmoregulation | Control of the balance of water, a necessity for adaptation of life in a variety of environments. | 24 | |
| 3063546275 | Cell Walls | Useful for maintaining the balance of water In Hypotonic solution: The walls expand and makes the walls rigid. In Isotonic solution: There is no net movement of water making the walls flaccid. In Hypertonic solution: Cells pull away and in turn forming Plasmolysis. | 25 | |
| 3063558983 | Facilitated Diffusion | Proteins increase passive movement of molecules across the plasma membrane with the usage of transport proteins. Specialized proteins can also move solutes against a gradient. | 26 | |
| 3063577105 | Ion Channels | Gates channels that allow and inhibit passage of molecules based on stimulus response. | 27 | |
| 3063582128 | Active Transport | Movement of substances against the concentration gradient, uses energy and is performed by specific proteins embedded into the membrane. | 28 | |
| 3063695055 | Sodium-Potassium Pump | A active transport system, the active transport performer that does the function. | 29 | |
| 3063702814 | Membrane Potential | Voltage distribution and differences across a membrane; ex. Muscles and nervous system. | 30 | |
| 3063705449 | Voltage | Formed through distribution differences of positive (cations) and negative (anions) ions. | 31 | |
| 3063710894 | Electrochemical Gradient | Two forces that drive diffusion of ios across a membrane; Chemical Force (Concentration gradient) and Electrical Force (Effects of membrane potential on an ion). | 32 | |
| 3063718432 | Electrogenic Pumps | Proteins that transport voltages across a membrane; Pumps such as sodium-potassium pumps are major for animal cells, proton-pump is for plants, fungi, and bacteria. | 33 | |
| 3063726982 | Cotransport | When a solute undergoing active-transport also drives transportation of another solute indirectly ex. Plants when gradient of H ions produced by proton pumps drive active-transportation of goods into the cell. | 34 | |
| 3063736292 | Lipid Bilayer | Allows small molecules and water to enter or leave with transport proteins (or bilayer). Vesicles help carry through large molecules in bulk transport; Bulk transport requires adequate amounts of energy. | 35 | |
| 3063746270 | Exocytosis | Process by which transport vesicles bind to membranes; Binding results in the releasing of contents of a the transport vesicle. Secretory cells use this to export end products. | 36 | |
| 3063752613 | Endocytosis | Cell absorbs macromolecules through formation of vesicles from the plasma membrane; TL DR complete opposite of exocytosis as well as differing proteins. | 37 | |
| 3063760505 | Types of Cytosis | Phagocytosis (Eating) Pinoycytosis (Drinking) Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis | 38 | |
| 3063765732 | Phagocytosis | Cell engulfs another particle (cell) within a vacuole; the vacuole fuses with lysosomes to digest and breakdown the particle...*Metabolic process* | 39 | |
| 3063772229 | Pinoycytosis | Extracellular fluid is filled into vesicles (tiny membraneous sacs) when molecules are taken up, such as microvili, embryonic cells, and hormonal cells. | 40 | |
| 3063781136 | Receptor-Mediate Endocytosis | The binding of ligands to receptors creates a vesicle formation; such as Cholesterol, familial hypocholesterolemia. | 41 | |
| 3063787381 | Ligand | Molecules that specifically bind to a receptor site of a molecule. | 42 |
