Terms : Hide Images
| 264015270 | byzantine empire | 1 of 2 major christian civilizations to develop in Europe during the 300s-1453 | 0 | |
| 264015271 | justinian | was both the best and the worst of the BYzantine emperors. (before Islam even began) | 1 | |
| 264015272 | theodora | the wife of Justinian | 2 | |
| 264015273 | nika revolts | almost destroys Constantinople. rioting due to high taxes (is ended by general Bellisarius) | 3 | |
| 264015274 | bellisarius | ends the nika revolts by killing 35,000 rioters in one day | 4 | |
| 264015275 | hagia sophia | "church of the Holy Wisdom." was originally christian but then became a mosque and is now a museum | 5 | |
| 264015276 | ravenna | temporary capital in Italy. artistic center for Christian mosaics | 6 | |
| 264015277 | rebuilt constantinople | positive effect of the Byzantine empire | 7 | |
| 264015278 | bulgaria | slavic kingdom just to the nort of BYzantine empire. controlled by the byzantines via military or marriage alliances. | 8 | |
| 264015279 | Tsar | the title of the Bulgarian king (aka Czar=caesar) | 9 | |
| 264015280 | Emperor Basil II | bribred bulgarian nobles and generals. defeated bulgarian army in 1014 and blinded 15,000 captive soldiers | 10 | |
| 264015281 | constantinople | center of the empire. is vital economically not just to the Byzantine but to all of Europe in general | 11 | |
| 264015282 | preserving hellenistic past | what did byzantine cultural life center on? | 12 | |
| 264015283 | iconoclasm | the controversey with christian icons, no Islamic icons, and idolatry | 13 | |
| 264015284 | iconoclasts | those who believed that all of the christian icons had to go because of fear of idolatry | 14 | |
| 264177852 | western Europe | very decentralized. dont have an emperor but their leader is the pope. was a separation between church and state | 15 | |
| 264177853 | greek | what kind of bible did Eastern Europe follow? | 16 | |
| 264177854 | latin | what bible did the Western Europe read? | 17 | |
| 264177855 | 1054 | when did the arguement over the type of bread to use in mass (leading to the official split of the east and western churches) occur? | 18 | |
| 264177856 | seljuks | muslim turks that seized Asian provinces and cut off Byzantine form most lucrative tac revenue as well as area that produced empire's food supply | 19 | |
| 264177857 | serbia | independent kingdom that appeared in the Balkans | 20 | |
| 267186628 | eastern europe | civilization of Russa significally influenced by Byzantine empire via conquest, commerce, and Christianity (Orthodox) | 21 | |
| 267186629 | cyril and Methodius | byzantine monks who knew how to speak Slavic. created the Cyrillic alphabet | 22 | |
| 267186630 | kiev | where trade centered. slavic city that was associated with the emergence of the Russian civilizaiton | 23 | |
| 267186631 | Prince rurik | kievan rus. is going to create a monarchy and sort of the very beginnings of Russia | 24 | |
| 267186632 | first russians | mix of Scandenavian and slavic | 25 | |
| 267186633 | prince vladimir I | converted to orthodox christianity on behalf of his people. created a state controlled Russian orthodox church. | 26 | |
| 267186634 | boyars | russian nobles who wont allow an emperor to take that kind of absolute power away from them. Russian aristocrats | 27 | |
| 267186635 | western europe | what do the middle ages only refer to? | 28 | |
| 267186636 | christendom | when the spread of western (non-orthodox) christianity "unifies" western europe not politically but religiously under the pope | 29 | |
| 267186637 | when rome falls | when do all of these germanic tribes begin to settle down? | 30 | |
| 267186638 | early middle ages | when was the time of invasion of the Vikings and Muslims? | 31 | |
| 267186639 | pope | had the power of excommunication, inderdict, and later on, the inquisition | 32 | |
| 267186640 | inquisition | church courts | 33 | |
| 267186641 | local priests | owed allegiance to the pope | 34 | |
| 267186642 | st. benedict | established the monastic rules. modeled a holy life for ordinary people | 35 | |
| 267186643 | monasteries | for those men who wanted to devote themselves to prayer and religious discipline. promoted christian unity in Western Europe, and provided technological innovations in agriculture and promoted education and literacy | 36 | |
| 267186644 | charlemagne | "charles the great" established a substantial empire in France and Germany by 800. crowned emperor by the pope and saw himself as the heir to the Roman Emperors | 37 | |
| 267186645 | feudalism | political and social system of the Middle ages based on military relationships. develops to provide protection for all people--nobility and commoners alike | 38 | |
| 267186646 | greater lords | (eventually become known as kings) controlled a lot of land and could afford hourses and weapons necessary to fight | 39 | |
| 267186647 | lesser lords | recieved protection nd a small part of land in return for military service, some goods or payments, advice and loyalty | 40 | |
| 267186648 | fief | small parcel of land | 41 | |
| 267186649 | noblewomen | spiritually equal byt still part of a patriarchal structure. often used as pawns in political alliances | 42 | |
| 267186650 | eleanor of Aquitaine | married to king of france then king of england. owned land in both countries and had power | 43 | |
| 267186651 | manorialism | economic system of the middle ages. went hand and hand with the feudalism | 44 | |
| 267186652 | manor | local, self-sufficient agricultural estates based on individual fiefs | 45 | |
| 267186653 | crusades | brought western europe into contact with more advanced eastern and islamic civilizations | 46 | |
| 267186654 | growth of monarchies | will develop out of the feudal system and will challenge the power of the church | 47 | |
| 267674682 | france | slow growth of centralized monarchy under Capetian family. took several years to unite france under 1 monarch | 48 | |
| 267674683 | england | centralized monarchy introduced abruptly and eventually had to be balanced against lords (nobility/aristocrats) | 49 | |
| 267674684 | william the conqueror | invaded England from Normandy in 1066; extended tight feudal system to England. esablished administrative system based on sheriffs and a central monarchy | 50 | |
| 267674685 | magna carta | first attempt to limit any king's power | 51 | |
| 267674686 | parliament | governing body of England; represents the nobility and the commoners. created by the english people | 52 | |
| 267674687 | spain | marriage of ferdinand of aragon and isabella of castille created a unified chrristian monarchy. | 53 | |
| 267674688 | reconquista | christians reconquering the Iberian Peninsula form the Muslims (the Moors) | 54 | |
| 267674689 | medieval fairs | most common system of trade. centers for western exchange and some exotic products from other civilizations | 55 | |
| 267674690 | italy | actively trading with both Western Europe and outside of it | 56 | |
| 267674691 | hanseatic league | northern Germany and southern Scandinavia. merchants in cities organized to encourage trade | 57 | |
| 267674692 | guilds | sworn associations of people in the same business or trade in a single city; stressed security and mutual control; | 58 | |
| 267674693 | capitalism | to produce what you need to make profit. (isnt just about surviving anymore) | 59 | |
| 268308798 | thomas aquinas | best example of a church clergy man that brings together church and reason (science) | 60 | |
| 268308799 | gothic architecture | architecture using height and light to glorify God | 61 | |
| 274549118 | roman catholic | what religion took control of the byzantine's land in eastern europe in 1461 | 62 | |
| 274549119 | tartars | the turkish word used by the Russians to describe the Mongols who invaded them | 63 |
