Terms : Hide Images
| 3311470676 | transmission genetics | the field of genetics concerned with heredity and the mechanisms by which genes are transferred from parent to offspring | 0 | |
| 3311470677 | trait | any detectable phenotypic variation of a particular inherited character | 1 | |
| 3311470678 | monohybrid cross | a genetic cross only involving one character (ex: AA x aa) | 2 | |
| 3311470679 | selfing | in plant genetics, the fertilization of a plant's ovules by pollen produced by the same plant. | 3 | |
| 3311470680 | F1 (first filial) generation | progeny resulting from the first cross in a series | 4 | |
| 3311470681 | F2 (second filial) generation | progeny resulting from a cross of the F1 generation | 5 | |
| 3311470682 | reciprocal cross | a pair of crosses in which the genotype of the female in one is present as the genotype of the male in the other and vice versa. | 6 | |
| 3311470683 | segregation | the separation of maternal and paternal homologs of each homologous chromosome pair into gametes during meiosis | 7 | |
| 3311470684 | phenotype | the overt appearance of a genetically controlled trait | 8 | |
| 3311470685 | gene | fundamental physical unit of heredity, whose existence can be confirmed by allelic variants and which occupies a specific chromosomal locus. A DNA sequence coding for single polypeptide | 9 | |
| 3311470686 | allele | one of the possible alternative forms of a gene, often distinguished from other alleles by phenotypic effects | 10 | |
| 3311470687 | genotype | the allelic or genetic constitution of an organism; often, the allelic compositionof one or a limited number of genes under investigation | 11 | |
| 3311470688 | homozygote | an individual with identical alleles for a gene or genes of interest. These individual will produce identical gametes (with respect to the gene or genes in question) and will therefore breed true | 12 | |
| 3311470689 | heterozygote | an individual with different alleles at one or more loci. Such individuals will produce unlike gametes and therefore will not breed true | 13 | |
| 3311470690 | testcross | a cross between an individual whose genotype at one or more loci may be unknown and an individual who is homozygous recessive for the gene or genes in question | 14 | |
| 3311470691 | dihybrid cross | a genetic cross involving two characters in which the parents possess different forms of each character (ex. yellow, round x green, wrinkled) | 15 | |
| 3311470692 | product law | in statistics, the law holding that the probability of two independent events occurring simultaneously is equal to the product of their independent probabilities | 16 | |
| 3311470693 | independent assortment | the independent behavior of each pair of homologous chromosomes during their segregation in meiosis I. The random dustribution of maternal and paternal homologs into gametes. | 17 | |
| 3311470694 | continuous variation | phenotype variation in which quantitative traits range from one phenotypic extreme to another in an overlapping, continuous fashion | 18 | |
| 3311470695 | discontinuous variation | pattern of variation for a traits whose phenotypes fall into two or more distinct classes | 19 | |
| 3311470696 | chromosomal theory of inheritance | the idea put forward independently by Walter Sutton and Theodore Boveri that chromosomes are the carriers of genes and the basis for the Mendelian mechanisms of segregation and independent assortment | 20 | |
| 3311470697 | diploid (2n) | a condition in which each chromosome exists in pairs; having two of each chromosome | 21 | |
| 3311470698 | locus | the site or place on a chromosome where a particular gene is located | 22 | |
| 3311470699 | null hypothesis (H0) | used in statistical tests, the hypothesis that there is no real difference between the observed and expected datasets. Statistical methods such as chi-square analysis are used to test the probability associated with this hypothesis | 23 | |
| 3311470700 | chi-square (x2) analysis | statistcial test to determine whether or not an observed set of data is equivalent to a theoretical expectation | 24 | |
| 3311470701 | pedigree | in human genetics, a diagram showing the ancestral relationships and transmission of genetic traits over several generations in a family. | 25 | |
| 3311470702 | consanguineous | related by a common ancestor within the previous few generations | 26 | |
| 3311470703 | monozygotic twins | twins produced from a single fertilization event; the first division of the zygote produces two cells, each of which develops into an embryo (identical twins) | 27 | |
| 3311470704 | dizygotic twins | twins produced from separate fertilization events; two ova fertilized independently (fraternal twins) | 28 | |
| 3311470705 | proband (p) | an individual who is the focus of a genetic study leading to the construction of a pedigree tracking the inheritance of a genetically determined trait of interest | 29 | |
| 3311470706 | albinism | a condition caused by the lack of melanin production in the iris, hair, and skin. In humans, it is most often inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. | 30 | |
| 3311470707 | familial trait | a trait transmitted through and expressed by members of a family, Usually used to describe a trait that runs in families, but whose precise mode of inheritance is not clear. | 31 | |
| 3458412938 | How to determine the number of different types of gametes formed. | 2^n (where n is the number of heterozygous gene pairs) | 32 | |
| 3458416529 | How to determine the number of different types of genotypes produced. | 3^n (where n is the number of heterozygous gene pairs) | 33 | |
| 3458420158 | How to determine the number of different types of phenotypes produced. | 2^n (where n is the number of heterozygous gene pairs) | 34 | |
| 3471328315 | Walter Flemming | First to discover chromosomes under the microscope, in the nuclei of salamander cells | 35 | |
| 3471336690 | deVries, Correns & Tschermak | "Rediscovered" Mendel's laws in the 1900s | 36 | |
| 3471365370 | Sutton and Boveri | independently published papers linking chromosome behaviors during meiosis to Mendel's principals of segregation and independent assortment | 37 |
