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Ecology Flashcards

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1621493692ecologyScience dealing with the relation of living things to their environment and to each other0
1621493693bioticAll the living organisms that inhabit an environment.1
1621493694abioticAny nonliving component of an environment2
1621493695organismindividual living thing3
1621493696speciesA group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring.4
1621493697communitydifferent populations living in the same place at the same time5
1621493698ecosystemA community and its abiotic environment6
1621493699biosphereAll the parts of the planet that are inhabited by living things; sum of all Earth's ecosystems7
1621493700poulationa group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time8
1641831284habitatAn environment that provides the things a specific organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce.9
1641831285nicheAn organism's niche is how it makes a living (gets energy). The niche is the job of the organism.10
1641860540symbiosisA close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species.11
1641860541mutualismA relationship between two species in which both species benefit.12
1641860542commensalismA relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected13
1641860543parasitismA relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed14
1641860544predationAn interaction in which one organism kills another for food.15
1641860545competitionInteraction among organisms that vie for the same resource in an ecosystem16
1660928063producerAn organism that makes its own food17
1660928064autotrophAny organism able to make its own food (aka Producer)18
1660928065consumerAn organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms.19
1660928066heterotrophAn organism that cannot make its own food, and thus must ingest other organisms.20
1660928067herbivoreAn animal that feeds on plants.21
1660928068carnivoreAn animal that eats other animals22
1660928069omnivoreAn organism that eats both plants and animals23
1660928070decomposerAn organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms.24
1660928071detrivoreAn organism that feeds on plant and animal remains and other dead matter.25
1660928072scavengerA carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms.26
1660928073food chain definitionA series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten27
1660928078food web example28
1660928079food chain example29
1660928074food web definitionseveral food chains connected together30
1660928075first consumerThe first consumer shown in a food chain, it will be a type of herbivore31
1660928076second consumerthe second organism in a food chain and eats the organism that eats the producers.32
1660928077third consumerA consumer that eats second consumers33
1681720602precipitationAny form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface34
1681720603evaporationThe change of a liquid to a gas35
1681720604transpirationEvaporation of water from the leaves of a plant36
1681720605biogeochemical cyclesProcess in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another37
1681720606nutrientsCompounds in food that the body requires for proper growth, maintenance, and functioning38
1681720607respirationInhalation and exhalation of air. Releases CO2 into atmosphere39
1681720608photosynthesisA process plants use to turn sunlight into food, removes CO2 from atmosphere40
1681720609decomposition(biology) decaying caused by bacterial or fungal action, releases CO2 into air41
1681720610burning fossil fuels/firesreleases CO2 into air42
1681720611nitrogen fixationProcess by which certain bacteria convert nitrogen gas to ammonia, which can be used by plants43
1681720612denitrificationBacteria convert ammonia back into N gas44
1681720613primary successionSuccession that occurs in an area in which no trace of a previous community is present.45
1681720614secondary successionSuccession following a disturbance that destroys a community without destroying the soil.46
1681720615primary succession EX47
1681720616secondary succession EX48
1707467076limiting factorAn environmental factor that causes a population to stop growing or decrease in size.49
1707467077level of tolerancewhen environment changes beyond, the organism can not survive50
1707467078carrying capacityLargest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support51
1707467079slow-life reproduction patternOrganisms that live in more stable environments usually reproduce slowly.52
1707467080rapid-life reproduction patternA fast and short life, these are common among organisms in unpredictable environments.53
1735557454biodiversityThe diversity of plant and animal life in a particular habitat (or in the world as a whole)54
1735557455habitat lossThe destruction of habitats that usually results from human activities55
1735557456habitat fragmentationBreakup of a habitat into smaller pieces, usually as a result of human activities.56
1735557457Habitat degradationdamage to a habitat by air, water, and land pollution.57
1735557458deforestationDestruction of forests58
1735557459extinctionA term that typically describes a species that no longer has any known living individuals.59
1735557460threatened specieslikely to become endangered in the foreseeable future60
1735557461endangered speciesA species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk of extinction61
1735557462native speciesSpecies that normally live and thrive in a particular ecosystem62
1735557463non-native speciesnew species that have not been there before, is introduced into an ecosystem63
1735557464invasive speciesA species that comes in and takes over, and destroys the ecosystem64
1752494073immigrationEntering an environment.65
1752494074emigrationLeaving a population.66
1752494075birth rate1. The number of live birth67
1752494076death rateThe number of deaths in a population in a certain amount of time.68
1752494077population growth rateThe birth rate of a population minus the death rate69
1752494078population densityNumber of individuals per unit area.70
1752494079population dispersionGeneral pattern in which the members of a population are arranged throughout its habitat.71

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