Terms : Hide Images
| 123532129 | cis regulatory elements | -often binding sites of one or more trans-acting factors (general transcription factors) -involves TATA, CAAT and GC box - a region of DNA or RNA that regulates the expression of genes located on that same molecule of DNA (often a chromosome) -These cis-regulatory elements are often binding sites for one or more trans-acting factors. | |
| 123532130 | trans regulatory elements | -bind cis elements -bind RNA polymerase II and can activate transcription -modify the expression of genes distant from the gene that was originally transcribed to create them -they are transcribed at a different location on the genome, are translated in the cytosol and then bind DNA at the cis elements. | |
| 123532131 | enhancers | -can be located before or after a gene -can be quite distant from the gene as DNA folding allow the enhancer binding proteins to still bind transcription factors at the promoter and enhance transcription | |
| 123532132 | DNA binding domain | -transcription factors have DNA binding domains that bind only to certain DNA sequences | |
| 123532133 | Dimerization domain | -sticks 2 transcription factors together to form a functional DNA binding unit -dimer formation adds an extra element of complexity and versatility | |
| 123532134 | Activation/repression domain | binds to the enhancer binding protein or other transcription factors and modulates their function | |
| 123532135 | repressors: competition | -competition for enhancer sequence binding between activator and repressor proteins binding of repressor to enhancer sequence blocks binding of activator -repressor proteins reduce transcription levels through competition | |
| 123532136 | repressors: quenching | activator cannot bind to enhancer sequence. | |
| 123532137 | repressors: blocking | repressor proteins can bind to and block the activation domain of an activator protein and prevent it from interacting with the basal transcriptional machinery | |
| 123532138 | Glucocorticoids actions through hormone response elements | -small hydrophobic molecules -intracellular effects mediated by glucocorticoid receptor (GR) -GR = zinc-finger transcription factor -a key anti-inflammaotry tx | |
| 123532139 | Hormone response elements (HRE) | -DNA sequences are found in the promoter and regulatory sequence of many genes -allows coordinated gene regulation at mnay sites across the genome |
