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Hist 1302 Exam 3 Review Flashcards

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1366542601Hoover-Stimson Doctrine- "The US won't recognize any nation created by force"0
1366542602Ludlow Agreementhigh point of isolationist sentiment; failed; would require referendum for war1
1366542603Destroyers for Bases DealUS traded 50 destroyers for leases on British property in Western Hemisphere2
1366542604Lend-LeaseFDR used a "garden hose analogy" to gain support for this measure (HR1776)3
1366542605Reciprocal Trade Agreementallowed FDR to lower tariffs for nations lowering tariffs on US goods4
1366542606Quarantine SpeechFDR's gauge of public opinion for American interventionism; must proceed slowly5
1366542607Good Neighbor Policynew direction in US/Latin America relations set aside Roosevelt Corollary6
1366542608Declaration of Panamacreated a safety belt around N. and S. America with naval patrols7
1366542609Atlantic Chartersecret pre-war document expressing US war aims; later UN Charter8
1366542610Munich AgreementBritish/French agreement to appease Hitler (Czechoslovakia)9
1366542611Manhattan Projectsecret scientific project to create Atomic bomb during WWII10
1366542612Smoot-Hawley Tariffraised the highest trade barriers in its history; did not protect American business as designed, but further plunged the world into an economic depression11
1366542613USS Panayattacked US gunboat on China's Yangtze River, killing 2 US citizens.12
1366542614Johnson Act (Debt Default)prohibited loaning money to any nation defaulting on its WW1 debt13
1366542615Tydings-McDuffie Actindependence for the Philippines in 10yrs14
1366542616National Origins Act 1924imposed a quota system on immigration15
1366542617Social Security Actbegan to plan for retirement for working Americans by deducting for pay16
1366542618National Labor Relation Actcreated NLRB to protect worker benefits17
1366542619Norris-LaGuardia ActHoover labor bill to protect worker benefits in a depressed market18
1366542620Fourth Neutrality Actallowed munitions sales on cash and carry basis19
1366542621Burke-Wadsworth Act1st peacetime draft in US history; after Fall of France in June 194020
1366542622Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928AKA Pact of Paris; outlawed war but was unenforceable originally between France and US21
1366542623Hoare-Laval PactGB/FR allowed Mussolini to keep part of Ethiopia, just to keep him happy22
1366542624Four Power TreatyFr/GB/US/Jap agreed to respect each other's Pacific possessions23
1366542625Five Power Treatylimited the growth of the world's greatest navies, but favored US/GB24
1366542626Nine Power Treatyofficially recognized the Open Door Policy as best for China25
1366542627Anti-Comintern PactIt/Ger/Jap agreed to have nothing to do with a communist nation26
1366542628Tripartite Pactwarning to US to stay out of Europe or risk war with Axis Powers27
1366542629McNary-Haugen Billattempted to support farmers with cheap loans against their produce until the world market increased28
1366542630Judiciary Reorganization BillFDR's attempt to pact the Supreme Court with "yes" men; split the dems29
1366542631Bonus BillWW1 vets receive a bonus for WW1 duty paid in 20 years30
1366542632Patman Bonus Billattempt to pay the bonus bill early in 1932 as the Depression worsened; failed31
1366542633AAAmade benefit payments to farmers to limit production32
1366542634TVAprovided electricity at cost in competition with private power companies33
1366542635CCCput males 18-30 back to work, promoting reforestation and flood control34
1366542636CWAprovided temporary relief through winter of 1933-3435
1366542637REAprovided electrical service to rural areas36
1366542638RArelocated unproductive farms and inner city high unemployment areas37
1366542639NIRA (NRA)business volunteered to practice fair standards and recognize labor unions; "We Do Our Part" and blue eagle38
1366542640SECall bonds and stocks must be registered with this regulatory agency; Joseph P. Kennedy39
1366542641FCCmonitored radio broadcasts and later T.V. broadcasts40
1366542642WPAmost detailed attempt at indirect relief under Second New Deal; created temporary jobs41
1366542643PWAprovided construction jobs until the private sector was running again42
1366542644RFCprovided indirect relief under Hoover; loaned money at cheap interest rates to large businesses43
1366542645FERAprovided direct relief to Americans in the initial phase of the New Deal; Harry Hopkins44
1366542646NYAprovided temporary summer jobs for young people until the private sector could return employment45
1366542647FDICinsurance for banks; insured accounts up to $250046
1366542648Schechter Poultry vs. USstruck down parts of NIRA, wage, and hour laws47
1366542649Butler vs. USoverturned the processor's tax which stopped the AAA48
1366542650Korematsu vs. USjustified restrictions on a particular ethnic group w/o due process of law49
1366542651Hirabayashi v. USjustified putting Japanese Americans in internment camps in war time50
1366542652Ex Parte Endolimited the restrictions of Japanese Americans f individuals were loyal w/o doubt51
1366542653Big ThreeGB/US/USSR-Churchill/FDR/Stalin-Allied Nations-Grand Alliance52
1366542654Fireside chatsFDR's radio announcements to calm the nation53
1366542655Day of InfamyDec 7 1941, Pearl Harbor Attack54
1366542656"Noble experiment"prohibition55
1366542657Vichy Governmentpro-Nazi government established by Germany after Fall of France56
1366542658Operation Overlord2nd front; D-Day invasion; third major offensive drive57
1366542659Operation TorchBritish/ American invasion of N. Africa to push Rommel out58
1366542660Battle of Stalingradturning point of European Theater59
1366542661Battle of Coral Sea and Midway Islandsturning point of Pacific Theater60
136654266220th Amendment"Lame Duck", shortened the time between election and inauguration, Jan 20th61
136654266321st Amendmentended prohibition negated 18th Amendment62
1366542664H.R. 1776lend-lease63
1366542665Nagasaki/ Hiroshimathe cities on which the US dropped Atomic bombs64
1366542666Yalta Conferencehigh point of Allied cooperation65
1366542667Potsdam Conferenceatomic bomb being given to main allies, under Truman66
1366542668Atlantic ConferenceUS and GB discuss common goals of their countries67
1366542669Declaration of Eastern EuropeFDR, Stalin and Churchill agreed secretly that USSR would enter the war against Japan because of the Allied planned invasion of Japan's Islands Fall 1945.68
1366542670Declaration of PotsdamCalled upon Japan to surrender unconditionally or face "prompt destruction" by a new weapon69
1366542671Aimee Semple Mcphersonused new media to promote her 4 Square Gospel70
1366542672Jeannette Rankinonly member of House of Representatives to vote no to war with Japan71
1366542673Francis Perkins1st female Secretary of Labor72
1366542674Ruth Bryan Owen1st female ambassador (Denmark)73
1366542675Nellie T. Ross1st female Director of Mint74
1366542676Margret SangerNew York elitist nurse who fought for legalized birth control75
1366542677Amelia Earhart1st female to fly solo across the Atlantic76
1366542678Clarence Birdseyeinventor of a good-tasting, quick food freezing process77
1366542679W. D. Griffithcreated the first full length motion picture78
1366542680John Nance Garnerformer Speaker of the House FDR's VP for 2 terms79
1366542681Henry WallaceSecretary of Agriculture; FDR's P in his 3rd term80
1366542682Harry S. TrumanFDR's VP in his 4th term; 22nd president81
1366542683Walter Milliswrote Road to War: America 1913-1917; munitions manufactures manipulated the US into WW1 to make money82
1366542684Gerald NyeSenator investigating the thesis of Mills' book83
1366542685Francis Townsend-advocate of Old-Age Revolving Pension Plan84
1366542686Harry HopkinsFDR's chief administrator of New Deal direct relief agencies85
1366542687Huey LongShare the Wealth Plan: guaranteed homestead and minimum income86
1366542688Charles CoughlinNew Deal Critic, not far enough; Jesuit radio priest87
1366542689Joseph P. KennedyFirst Director of the Securities and Exchanges Commission88
1366542690John CollierBIA head; ended Dawes Act, Indian lands returned to communal ownership89
1366542691Albert Fallfirst cabinet member to be imprisoned- Teapot Dome Scandal90
1366542692Clarence Darrowagnostic who served on the ACLU defense team in Scopes Monkey Trial91
1366542693William Jennings Brianfundamentalist lawyer who argued for teaching creationism over evolution92
1366542694John T. Scopesteacher who helped create a national debate over theory of evolution93
1366542695Andrew MellonTreasurer of 1920s Republican presidents; tax policies created poor distribution of wealth94
1366542696Gov. Al Smith1928 Democratic Presidential nominee hampered by his Catholicism95
1366542697Wendell L. Wilkiepolitically inexperienced; Rep Candidate for president 1940; lawyer96
1366542698Marcus GarveyFounded UNIA which promoted black pride, nationalism, and separatism97
1366542699Haile SelassieEmperor of Ethiopia; asked the League of Nations for help against aggressive Italy98
1366542700Alf LandonOnly Rep Gov re-elected 1934, presidential candidate 193699
1366542701Joseph T. Robinsonran with Al Smith as his VP in 1928 election100
1366542702Charles Lindberghchief spokesman for America First Committee101
1366542703Dwight D. EisenhowerSupreme Allied Commander in Europe; American general102
1366542704Douglass McArthurSupreme Allied Commander in Pacific; American general103
1366542705Charles De Gaulleleader of freedom fighters in France after its fall in June 1940104
1366542706Jessie OwenBlack American Athlete who embarrassed Hitler in 1936 Olympics105
1366542707William Allen WhiteChief Lobbyist for increased aid to Allies 1930's (Rep news editor)106
1366542708J. Robert Oppenheimerchief scientist on Manhattan Project107
1366542709Neville ChamberlainBritish PM who though he achieved "Peace in our time!"108
1366542710Thomas E Deweymild interventionist NY Gov; Rep presidential candidate 1944109
1366542711A Phillip Randolphlabor leader who threatened a strike and mass march if blacks were not protected from job discrimination (Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters)110
1366542712John L. Lewislabor leader; founded Congress of Industrial Organization; former UMW president111
1366542713John Maynard KeynesBritish economist who advocated deficit spending in times of recession112
1366542714Bartolomeo Sacco/Nicola VanzettiItalian anarchists convicted of robbery and murder; illustrated fear of immigrates113
1366542715David Stephenson#2 Klansman; convicted of causing the death of a women; brought down the Klan114
1366542716Sen. John Rankinled filibuster against G.I. Bill of Rights115
1366542717Clement Atleereplaced Churchill as PM of GB summer 1945 before the war ended116
1366542718Causes of the Great Depression1. Tax Policies of Andrew Mellon 2. Overproduction of goods 3. Smoot-Hawley Tariff 4. Unwise speculation in the stock market 5. Over expansion of credit 6. Drought in Mississippi Valley Region 7. Unhealthy international Monetary situation117
1366542719New Deal Critics- Not Far Enough: Too Far:Not Far Enough 1. Huey Long 2. Francis Townsend 3. Charles Coughlin Too Far 1. Liberty League 2. Communist Party USA 3. US Supreme Court118
1366542720Hindrances to Hoover1. Extremely conservative Republican Congress 2. Overconfidence in business119
1366542721Big Three1. Stalin 2. FDR 3. Churchill120
1366542722Axis Powers1. Germany 2. Italy 3. Japan121
1366542723Justification for Atomic Bomb1. Revenge for Pearl Harbor 2. Speed up the end of the War 3. Psychological warning to USSR122

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