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HIST 1302 Test #2, Ch. 21-24 (CTC) Flashcards

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2692425723Who were the Progressives?middle class people, some where politically corrupt that thought technology was the solution to societies problems. They wanted to purge Laissez-faire out of the govt. and break up trusts or control them.0
2692425724ProgressivismAn outworn philosophy of hands off individualism seemed increasingly out of place in the modern machine age. Society could no longer afford the luxury of the limitless laissez-faire policy.1
2692425725Muckrakersreporters that exploit and sometimes exaggerate their reports2
2692425726Ida M. TarbellA pioneering journalist, published a devastating expose on the corruption within Standard Oil Company.3
2692425727Lincoln SteffensNew York reporter that launched a series of articles in 1902 in McLures Titled "The Shame of the Cities. Exposed the corrupt alliance between big businesses and the govt.4
2692425728The Ashcan SchoolA group of artists that saw themselves as Progressives and rebels who tried to tell the truth about the city.5
2692425729Progressive mind contradictionsNorthern Progressives stressed individual freedom, must protect the weak...Southern progressives supported segregation, anti immigrant, strongly supported the prohibition.6
2692425730Radical ProgressivesKarl Marx, Eugene V. Debs, Sigmund Freud7
2692425731City managershired experts that ran the city's various departments.8
2692425732Wisconsin IdeaRobert M. Follette-Honest Govt., Established primary system, involved top experts, used special commission to deal with issues.9
2692425733Direct primariesChoosing candidates for president.10
2692425734InitiativesThe people write the proposed law.11
2692425735RecallsWhen a governor is switched out for one that can do a better job.12
2692425736ReferendumsWhere the people vote directly on a proposed law.13
2692425737Lochner v. New York, 1905Bakers, Maximum ten hour day.14
2692425738Muller v. Oregon, 1908Women, Laundry workers, Maximum ten hour work day.15
2692425739Brandies BriefEmpirical evidence, based on observation and experience rather than theory or scientific fact.16
2692425740Adkins v. Children's Hospital, 1923Women where equal to men and could no longer be protected by special legislation.17
2692425741"Bitter Cry of the Children" by John Spargo, 1906His book described the thousands of 9-10 year old boys picking slag out of coal.18
2692425742Triangle Shirtwaist factory fire, 1911146, mostly immigrant women, died making it the largest industrial disaster in the history of New York City.19
2692425743Women's Suffrage MovementChallenged corruption, child labor, and abusive work conditions in factories and businesses.20
2692425744Major obstacles for The Woman Suffrage movementVictorian morals and inhibitions.21
2692425745WWI's impact on the suffrage movementThe Great War exposed Wilsons hypocrisy.22
269242574619th AmendmentPassed in 1920, approved by ¾ of the states. Gave women the right to vote; all women efforts lead to this.23
269242574716th Amendment, 1913Authorized federal income tax.24
269242574817th Amendments, 1913The direct election of senators.25
2692425749TR the TrustbusterKeep the good monopolies, kill the bad ones.26
2692425750Northern Securities decision1904, the Supreme court upheld Roosevelt's antitrust suit and ordered the Northern Securities Company dissolved.27
2692425751Square DealMiners got a 10% wage, 9 hour work day...Mine owners did not have to recognize the union, price of coal was raised to compensate for the increase wage cost.28
2692425752Hepburn Act, 1906Set maximum rate, inspected the books of RRs, control other transportation companies.29
2692425753United Mineworker's strike, 1902Higher wages, 8 hour work day and recognition of the union.30
2692425754How progressive was Taft?He supported many progressive measures but he never absorbed the progressive spirit.31
2692425755Bull Moose PartyPolitical party that TR started to run for president.32
2692425756New FreedomTriple Wall of Privilege; Stronger anti trust legislation, banking reform, tariff reduction.33
2692425757Underwood Tariff Act, 1913Substacially reduced import taxes.34
2692425758Federal Reserve Act, 1913Created a nationwide system of twelve regional reserve districts, each with its own central bank, all controlled by the federal reserve board.35
2692425759Clayton Anti Trust Act, 1914Further strengthened monopoly laws, controlled merging of two competing companies, prohibited pricing discrimination.36
2692425760Limits to Wilson's Progressivismagainst women right to vote, did not support African American civil rights, did nothing to prevent child labor.37
2692425761Niagara Movement 1905political, social and economic equality.38
2692425763National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, (NAACP), 1909dedicated to the eradication of racial discrimination.39
2692425764Talented Tenthonly the top ten percent of blacks should be the true leaders of the black race.40
2692425765Imperialisma nations policy of occupying and governing foreign lands.41
2692425766John FiskeSuperiority of American democracy, spread democracy through out the world.42
2692425767Josiah StrongSpread Christianity43
2692425768Anglo-Saxonismbelief in the superiority of the anglo saxon race.44
2692425769"Influence of Sea Power Upon History"by Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, 189045
2692425770McKinley Tariff, 1890ended tariff exemption status for Hawaiian sugar in the U.S.46
2692425771Queen Liliuokalani/Hawaii for the Hawaiians movementLimit power from outside sources.47
2692425772Cuban Revolution's Impact on AmericaAmerican public sympathetically supported the Cuban guerilla fighters fighting for freedom.48
2692425773Yellow journalismNewspaper stories that are not necessarily true to make the stories seem more appealing to the public. Used to increase paper circulation prior to the Spanish-American war by exaggerating misdeeds of Spain prior to the war.49
2692425774Sinking of the USS Maine, 1898266 out of 354 crew where killed on accident by an internal explosion.50
2692425775Spanish Minister Dupuy de Lome's letter, 1898described the president as a "small time politician" and a "bidder for the admiration of the crowd.51
2692425776McKinley's Humanitarian Efforthis reason to justify America entering the Spanish/Cuban war.52
2692425777Teller Amendmentproclaimed to the world that when the US had overthrown the Spanish it would give the Cubans their freedom.53
2692425778TR's Rough Ridersall volunteer Cavalry Regiment54
2692425779Treaty of Paris, 1899all rights to Cuba, Guam and PR, 20 million to the Philippines.55
2701253487McKinley's Dilemma over the Philippine IslandsHe felt that the Filipino people were unfit to govern them selves if granted independence.56
2701253488Philippine insurrection, 1899~1902Filipino nationals waged a guerrilla war against the Americans which lasted for three years.57
2701253489Platt Amendmentallows US to interfere in Cuban affairs for the preservation of Cuban independence.58
2701253490McKinley's Whiteman's Burdento take care of all the "inferior" islands because they where not fit to govern them selves.59
2701253491TR's Corollary to the Monroe DoctrineUs reserves the right to step into the affairs of any Latin American country to ensure that the Europeans did not when they defaulted on their loans.60
2701253492China's Open Door Policy, 1899written by Secretary of State John Hayes, where free trade was promoted.61
2701253493Portsmouth Peace Treaty, 1905ended the Russo~Japanese war.62
2701253494TR's Gentlemen's AgreementAgreement between Japan and California schools, where Japan stopped sending immigrants and California reintegrated Japanese in their schools.63
2701253495Great White Fleet16 US battle ships sent around the world to show Americas military might.64
2701253496The Panama Canaltreaty signed in 1903 between US and Colombia, where the US would pay Colombia $10 mil and $250,000 a year for the canal.65
2701253497President Taft's Dollar DiplomacyBy establishing economic treaties with Latin American countries, America could influence foreign governments without actually controlling them.66
2701253498WilsonianismWilson believed America was different from all other countries, and that it had a duty to avoid isolationism, to spread democracy and capitalism around the world.67
2701253499Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand, 1914was assassinated with his wife by Gavrilo Princip in their open touring car while visiting their newly acquired Bosnia territory.68
2701253500Failure of the Schlieffen Plantroops that where intended to take Paris, where sent to fight the Russians that moved faster than anticipated. Missed Paris by 30 miles.69
2701253501Trench warfarehappened because of the failure of the Schilieffen Plan.70
2701253502Sinking of the Lusitania1915, Germans sunk the passenger liner killing 1,200 passengers.71
2702685942Elimination of yellow feversprayed crude oil in ditches and drains.72
2702685943Sussex PledgeGermany agreed to Wilsons demands and promised to stop sinking merchant ships with out warning.73
2702685944Wilsons campaign slogan"He kept us out of the war."74
2702685945Farm Loan Act1916, provided low cost loans based on agricultural credit.75
2702685946Adamson Act1916, established an 8 hour day for rail road workers.76
2702685947Keating~Owen Child labor Act1916-barred goods from interstate commerce manufactured by children under 16.77
2702685948Workingmen's Compensation Act1916-Workers compensation for federal employees.78
2702685949Wilson's "Peace Without Victory" speech, 1917was not taken in well by the allies.79
2702685950Bolshevik Revolutionworkers rise up in the winter and over throw Czar Nicolas II and murder him and his family, Vladimir Lenin established a communist govt. in Nov 1917.80
2702685951Peace Treaty of Brest Litovsk1918, peace treaty that ended the war between Russia and Germany.81
2702685952War Industries Board, (WIB)1917, its job was to coordinate and manage the needs of the federal government with private companies.82
2702685953HooverizationThe food administration encouraged families to "hooverize by serving just enough", having wheatless Mondays, meatless Tuesdays and porkless Thursdays.83
2702685954Liberty BondsThe government borrowed 20 billion from the American people by selling Liberty and Victory Bonds.84
2702685955George Creel propagandaorganization that recruited advertising executives, commercial artists, 75,000 public speakers and motion picture companies to help sway public opinion in favor of the war.85
2702831716Espionage Act1917, made it illegal to aid the enemy or obstruct military recruitment, authorized the postmaster general to mail seemed treasonable.86
2702831717Sedition Act1918, Illegal to say, print or publish anything disloyal about the government.87
2702831718Eugene V. Debswas convicted under the Sedition act for a speech in Canton, Ohio urging resistance to the military draft.88
2702831719Schenck v. U.S.Even thought Americans have the freedom of speech, that right can be curbed when it presents a "clear and present danger specially when a nation is at war".89
2702831720Advance reformsProgressives where all on board to get ready for the war.90
2702831721Women in Wartimeserved all the non combat roles to free up men for the war, over 11,000 women served in the navy in clerical duties.91
2702831722369th Infantry Harlem Hell Fighterswhere awarded the French Medal Croix de Guerre for bravery in combat.92
2702831723America's Doughboyswhere called that because they where naïve and full of energy.93
2702831724General "Blackjack" PershingFight along side but NOT for the allies.94
27028317252nd Battle of the Marne1918, Germanys last big push which gets them with in 30 miles from Paris.95
2702831726Battle of Chateau Thierrywhere the Americans stopped the Germans from entering paris.96
2702831727Battle of Argonne Forest1918~1919, over 120,000 casualties, 1.2 million Americans fought the Germans in the thick Argonne forest, lasted over a month.97
270283172811th hour, 11th day, 11th month, 1918the day that Germany and America end the fighting.98
2702831729Wilson's 14 Pointswas Wilsons blue print for world peace.99
2702930299Treaty of Versailles1919, called for Germany be stripped of all it forces, pay 33 billion in reparations to the allies, Germany acknowledges guilt, but America never approves it.100
2702930300IrreconcilablesSixteen senators that refused to support any type of League of Nations.101
2702930301Effects of the War on Europethe end of Empires and European monarchies, formation of new countries, the dead.102
2702930302Effects of the War on AmericaInflation, strikes, race riots, red scare, end of progressivism.103
2702930303A. Mitchell PalmerCreated the FBI104
2702930304Normalcyend of progressivism105
2702930305National Origins Actemergency act passed in 1924 establishing a quota system.106
2702930306Census of 1920~Rural vs. Urban Americaover 16 million lived in small towns and villages of less than 2,500.107
2705634247Love and marriageMarried later in life, more for love than social or economic advantages.108
2705634248Modern lookcosmetic corporations were advertising to a mass market introducing new products.109
2705634249Margaret SangerFounded the American Birth Control League in 1921, viewed as a radical for distributing birth control literature.110
2705634250Flappersyoung, dramatic, stylish, unconventional women; working women.111
2705634251Great Train Robberyfirst film with a story plot.112
2705634252Vampssilent film female stars with heavy eye make up that preyed on men.113
2705634253Charles Chaplingreatest silent film star.114
2705634254FundamentalismWas an attitude of the mind, profoundly, conservative, rather than a religious idea.115
2705634255Scopes Trialtrial exposed the stupidity and the danger of the fundamentalist movement.116
2705634256Butler ActBanned teaching of evolution in public schools.117
270563425718th Amendment1920, Banned alcohol.118
2705634258Volstead Actpassed to provide the federal government the necessary powers and funds for law enforcement.119
2705634259Sacco and Vanzetti Trial1920, two men where convicted of murder for killing a paymaster at a shoe factory, electrocuted in 1927.120
2705634260Literary Trendsall focused on the disillusionment of many writers.121
2705634261Poets and authors of 1920sEdna St. Vincent Millay, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Earnest Hemingway, Edith Wharton122
2705634262Marcus GarveyRadical racist who believed that blacks should go back to Africa; established a corps of Black Cross Nurses.123
2705634263Henry Forddesigned the assembly line and the "Model T" Ford.124
2705655743Bruce Bartonconsumerism equaled religion; Prominent New York advertiser, wrote "The Man Nobody Knows", 1925125
2705655744Bessie Colemanfirst black woman to earn a pilots licsense, provided the foundation for the Tuskegee institute.126
2706746956Describe the multiple factors, which influenced America to adopt an imperialist foreign policy.America needed to "get in the game" and claim land before all the colonies and territories would be taken; Darwinism, America believed it was superior than the rest of the world; Having a powerful navy.127
2706746957Get in the gameAmerica had to buy territories before other countries could buy them all.128
2706746958Explain the causes of the Great War to include how America became involved.creation of the German Empire; Alliance System; Naval Arms Race, Germany began to challenge England's historical dominance at sea; Nationalism, economic and imperial rivalries, everybody joining the military; Balkan Crisis, region in SE Europe made up of Serbs, Bosnians, Croats and Slovenes where seeking their independence. The Zimmerman Telegram, sinking of the Lusitinia. Unrestricted submarine warfare.129
2706746959Describe in detail the "Era of the Flaming Youth". Why did their image come to represent the new "modern" America?younger people where attempting to create a way of life free from bondage of an authority that has lost all meaning.130
2706746960Charles Lindbergfirst man to fly across the Atlantic in a single engine plane131

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