Terms : Hide Images
| 100163473 | ulama | muslim scholars | 0 | |
| 100163474 | umma | Muslim religious community | 1 | |
| 100163475 | zakat | Tax for charity; obligatory for all Muslims | 2 | |
| 100163476 | five pillars | beliefs that all Muslims needed to carry out: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, and Pilgrimage | 3 | |
| 100163477 | ramadan | month in which muslims fast | 4 | |
| 100163478 | hajj | pilgrimage to Mecca | 5 | |
| 100163479 | caliph | the title of the successor to Muhammad | 6 | |
| 100163480 | abu bakr | first caliph after death of muhammad | 7 | |
| 100163481 | ridda wars | wars that followed muhammad's death; resulted in the defeat of rival prophets and some of larger clans; restored unity of islam | 8 | |
| 100163482 | jihad | Islamic holy war | 9 | |
| 100163483 | copts | christian sects of egypt | 10 | |
| 100163484 | nestorians | a christian sect found in asia | 11 | |
| 100163485 | uthman | third caliph of Muslims | 12 | |
| 100163486 | battle of siffin | fought in 657 between forces of ali and umayyads | 13 | |
| 100163487 | muawiya | caliph of Umayyad Dynasty, 661-680 | 14 | |
| 100163488 | sunnis | claimed that the only mediator between believers and Allah was the Koran | 15 | |
| 100163489 | shias | don't believe in the caliph | 16 | |
| 100163490 | karbala | Site of defeat and death of Husayn, son of Ali; marked beginning of Shi'a resistance to Umayyad caliphate | 17 | |
| 100163491 | mawali | non-arab converts to islam | 18 | |
| 100163492 | jizya | per capita tax on non-Muslim adult males to freely worship | 19 | |
| 100163493 | dhimmi | people of the book | 20 | |
| 100163494 | hadiths | Traditions of the prophet Muhammad. | 21 | |
| 100163495 | abbasid | Dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads as caliphs within Islam; came to power in 750 C.E. | 22 | |
| 100163496 | battle of the river zab | Victory of Abbasids over Umayyads; resulted in conquest of Syria and capture of Umayyad capital | 23 | |
| 100163497 | baghdad | Capital of Abbasid dynasty located in Iraq near ancient Persian capital of Ctesiphon. | 24 | |
| 100163498 | wazir | chief administrative official under the Abbasid caliphate; initially recruited from Persian provinces of empire | 25 | |
| 100163499 | dhows | Arab sailing vessels with triangular or lateen sails; strongly influenced European ship design | 26 | |
| 100163500 | ayan | The wealthy landed elite that emerged in the early decades of Abbasid rule | 27 | |
| 100163501 | lateen | Traiangular sail that catches the wind from sides and back | 28 | |
| 100163502 | al mahdi | third abbasid caliph | 29 | |
| 100163503 | harun al rashid | caliph (r. 786-809) who is responsible for a Golden Age in the Muslim World and the House of Wisdom in Baghdad | 30 | |
| 100163504 | buyids | Persian invaders of the 10th century; captured Baghdad and acted as sultans through Abbasid figureheads | 31 | |
| 100163505 | Seljuk turks | nomadic Turks from Asia who conquered Baghdad in 1055 and allowed the caliph to remain only as a religious leader. they governed strictly | 32 | |
| 100163506 | crusades | A series of military expeditions launched by Christian Europeans to win the Holy land back from Muslim control. | 33 | |
| 100163507 | saladin | (1137-1193) Powerful Muslim ruler during Third Crusade, defeated Christians at Hattin took Jerusalem | 34 | |
| 100163508 | ibn khaldun | an early Muslim Historian | 35 | |
| 100163509 | shah nama | an exquisite piece of Islamic art, depicting an epic history by Firdawsi. | 36 | |
| 100163510 | al ghazali | most important of Sufis, Persian theologian, Human reason was too frail to understand the nature of Allah | 37 | |
| 100163511 | mongols | A member of any of the traditionally nomadic peoples of Mongolia | 38 | |
| 100163512 | chinggis kahn | Mongral leader who conqured part of the Abissid region | 39 | |
| 100163513 | hulegu | ruler of Ilkhan Khanate; grandson of Chinggis Khan; responsible for capture and destruction of Baghdad | 40 | |
| 100163514 | mamluks | Muslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols at Ain Jalut in 1260 and halted Mongol advance | 41 | |
| 100163515 | Muhammad of ghazni | led a series of expeditions that began 2 centuries of Muslim raiding and conquest in northern India | 42 | |
| 100163516 | muhammad of ghur | military commander of persian extraction; began attempt to establish muslim control of india | 43 | |
| 100163517 | bhaktic cults | Hindu religious groups who believed in a relationship with the deities | 44 | |
| 100163518 | mira bai | Celebrated Hindu writer of religious poetry; reflected openness of bhaktic cults to women | 45 | |
| 100163519 | kabir | Muslim mystic during 15th century; played down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam | 46 | |
| 100163520 | Srivijaya | Southeast Asian kingdom, based on the island of Sumatra that used a powerful navy to dominate trade. | 47 | |
| 100163521 | malacca | Port town that the Portuguese seized, giving them control of the strait with the same name | 48 | |
| 100163522 | demak | most powerful of the trading states on the north coast of Java; converted to Islam and served as point of dissemination to other ports | 49 | |
| 100163523 | swahili | a Bantu language with Arabic words spoken along the East African coast | 50 | |
| 100163524 | sharia | Islamic Law | 51 | |
| 100163525 | hausa | West African people who lived in what is now Northern Nigeria after AD 1000 | 52 | |
| 100163526 | songhay | successor state to Mali; dominated Middle reaches of Niger Valley; capital at Gao; reached imperial status under Sunni Ali | 53 | |
| 100163527 | Medina | Muhammed fled to _______ | 54 | |
| 100163528 | Kaaba | important shrine in mecca | 55 |
