Terms : Hide Images
| 13210973596 | Innate Immunity | General, non-specific protection to the body, including the skin (barrier), gastric acid, phagocytes, and lysozyme. |  | 0 |
| 13210973597 | First Line of Defense | Nonspecific barrier to keep out pathogens includes skin, mucous membranes, and normal microbiota | 1 | |
| 13210973598 | Second Line of Defense | Nonspecific defense and inflammatory response initiated by chemical signals to attack and isolate invading pathogens; includes response by phagocytes | 2 | |
| 13210973599 | Inflammatory Response | Vasodilation, phagocytosis, and increase in body temperature |  | 3 |
| 13210973600 | Histamines | chemical signals that trigger vasodilation, increasing blood supply to area | 4 | |
| 13210973601 | Phagocytes | White blood cells that engulf invading pathogens e.g., neutrophils, macrophages | 5 | |
| 13210973602 | Chemokines | chemical signals secreted by blood vessel cells that attract more white blood cells (phagocytes) to the area | 6 | |
| 13210973603 | Adaptive (Acquired) immunity | Specific immunity; B and T cells; humoral and cell-mediated response | 7 | |
| 13210973604 | Lymphocytes | White blood cells that include T cells, B cells, and Natural Killer cells |  | 8 |
| 13210973605 | Macrophages | White blood cell that engulfs large numbers of pathogens; presents antigen to activate T cells |  | 9 |
| 13210973606 | MHC I | molecules found on every body cell that presents antigen; signals cytotoxic T to destroy | 10 | |
| 13210973607 | MHC II | molecules found on macrophages, B cells, and activated T cells; signal helper T cells | 11 | |
| 13210973608 | Memory Cells | Responsible for lifelong immunity; B and T cells that are able to more quickly fight secondary infection |  | 12 |
| 13210973609 | Antibody | Y-shaped protein with variable antigen binding region; slows pathogens to facilitate destruction |  | 13 |
| 13210973610 | Antigen | any molecule that elicits an immune response; the body sees as foreign |  | 14 |
| 13210973611 | Passive Immunity | Temporary immunity where antibodies are transferred from another animal ex: mother transfers some of her antibodies to her nursing child | 15 | |
| 13210973612 | HIV | A retrovirus that attacks helper T cells |  | 16 |
| 13210973613 | Autoimmune disease | failure of immune tolerance; the body does not properly distinguish self from nonself | 17 | |
| 13210973614 | Allergy | Hypersensitive immune response to certain substances that causes that release of histamine | 18 | |
| 13210973615 | B Cells | Cells involved in humoral response; produce antibodies; activated by Th cells or free antigens | 19 | |
| 13210973616 | Cytotoxic T Cells | Cells involved in cell-mediated response; specifically kills body cells that have been infected with pathogens and cancer cells; stimulated by APCs (antigen presenting cells) and helper T-cells |  | 20 |
| 13210973617 | Helper T Cells | Set off an alarm to the immune system that pathogens have broken through the body's line of defense; binds to class II MHC |  | 21 |
| 13210973621 | Humoral Response | The branch of acquired immunity that involves the activation of B cells and that leads to the production of antibodies, which defend against bacteria and viruses in body fluids. | 22 | |
| 13210973622 | Cell-mediated Response | The branch of acquired immunity that involves the activation of cytotoxic T cells, which defend against infected cells and cancer cells. | 23 | |
| 13210973634 | pathogen | an organism that causes a disease or illness | 24 | |
| 13210973636 | clonal selection | process by which an antigen only activates lymphocytes with receptors that specifically bind it -- these lymphocytes proliferate into clones that respond to that specific antigen; accounts for specificity and memory of acquired immune response | 25 | |
| 13210973637 | cardinal signs of inflammation | 1. redness 2. heat 3. swelling 4. pain (sometimes loss of function) | 26 | |
| 13210973638 | white blood cells | neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, eosinophils, basophils | 27 | |
| 13210973640 | secondary immune response | response after the second exposure to a particular pathogen; faster than primary due to memory cells | 28 |
