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Industrial and French Revolutions Flashcards

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330730174Renaissancerenewal in science and knowledge0
330730175Eurpoeansrediscover ancient learning and Aristotle's logical approach1
330730176Mathematicsalgebra helped to develop the scientific method2
330730179Britianlead the way in inventions due to prosperity and internal peace3
330730180Small farmersdisplaced from working on the land; needed work to support families4
330730181Ample Supplyiron and coal5
330730182Factory systembulit a good transportation system6
330730184Merchant profitstobacco, sugar, tea, and slave trade7
330730185Profitscapial to investin machines and transportation network8
330730187Industrial Revolution - 1stagricultural: Plants from the New World varied & improved diets9
330730188Charles Townsendcrop rotation10
330730189Jethro TullSeed drill11
330730190Other instrumentsiron plow, mechanical reapers, and threshers12
330730191Enclosure Movementlandowners claim land that had been considered common ground; fenced it off in larger tracts13
330730192Domestic Systemsuppliers gave raw rool or cotton to rural families which spun and weaved it by hand14
330730194John Kayflying shuttle - his spinners couldn't keep up15
330730195John Hargreavesattached several spimdles to a spinning wheel16
330730196Arkwright100 spindles; water power - Water Frame17
330730197CromptonSpinning mule18
330730198Edward Cartwrightwater-powered loom - 200x production19
330730199Eli WhitneyCotton gin - increaded the speed at which raw cotton could be cleansed of seeds20
330730200Labor intensiveincreased need for slaves from Africa21
330730201factory marketmen and material brought together22
330730202Thomas Saverysteam-driven pump to remove water from cooper miners ; pressure built up and pump exploded23
330730203Newcombsafer pump; more fuel24
330730204James Wattimproved pump; 4x the power with same amount of fuel25
330730206Iron Orehigh temperatures to burn off impurities; created a soft, hard to work iron26
330730207Abraham Darbycoke - better grade of iron27
330730208Henry Cortpuddling process - molten iron stirred, stronger iron ; learnerd to roll the iron to create sheets28
330730209Henry Bessmerforcing cold air throught the iron burn off impurities29
330730212Duke of Bridgewaterbuilt canal to connect coal mines and factories30
330730213John McAdamcrushed stone to surface roads31
330730214George Stephensonfirst steam-powered locomotive "Rocket"32
330730215Miles of rail5,00033
330730216Robert FultonClermont34
330730217Samuel Morsetelegraph - morse code35
3307302181851telegraph cable laid across the English Channel36
330730219Belgiumtextiles, iron and coal - capital to invest37
330730220Franceland and textiles38
330730221Joseph Jacquardpower loom to weave complex patterns39
330730223USsteel production40
330730225George IIIWhigs had too much power - small land owners agreed41
330730226Prime Minister Lord Northsupported George III42
330730227After 7 years warBritian gained control of Canda and lands e. of Mi43
330730228Delegates - Stamp Acttaxation without representation44
330730229BostoniansBoston Tea Party45
330730230Intolerable ActBoston and the colony of MA came under martial law46
330730231Quebec Actnew lands e. of Mi added to Quebec47
3307302321776Colonist declared independence48
330730234Monarchabsolute ruler - required assistance of nobles and clergy49
3307302353 Estatesclergy, nobles, and all others50
330730236Clergy and Noblessupported king - raise taxes on all others resisted king - weakened their rights51
330730237All othersmiddle class - supported Enlightment thinkers52
330730240Pesants and small farmersrequired - free labor to nobles53
330730242Robert Turgotcontrolled expenses and lifted taxes; suggested to tax nobles54
3307456271786banks refused to extend loans - Louis taxed nobles55
330745628Covened Estates Generaleach estate - equal vote56
3307456293rd Estateeach delegate - individual vote ; king refused57
3307456303rd Estate ReconvenedDelcared itself National Assembly w/ right to write Constitution58
330745631National Assemblyabolished deudal dues, sefrdomm and nobles' tax exemption; freedom of worhsip, limited rights of the Catholic Church59
330745632Male citizenseligible for government positions60
330745633Declaration of the Rights of Mancitizens equal, equal protection of property,61
330745634Women in Versaillesprotest food prices62
330745635Civil Constitution of the Clergyany citizen could be elected a priest or bishop63
330745636Church landsconfisicated - ailenated Catholics64
330745637Monarchylimite to the executive branch with legislature to make laws, and a judicial branch65
330745638Radicalsrepublic, sat on the left66
330745639Moderatessat on the right67
330745641April 1792France declared war on Austria ; officers fled Frances68
330745642Brunswick ManifestoDuke of Brunswick demaned Paris' surrender69
330745644Radicalsestablished the Commune70
330745645Communeseized the Assembly & abolished it; imprisoned the king; new Constitution71
330745646January 21, 1793Louis convicted of treason and gullotined72
331736899Louis sayingIt is legal because I wish it.73
3317369001775war between british and colonies74
331736901clergydidn't want to collect tithes75
331736902Napolean diedSt. Helena76
331736903Napolean's 1st exileElba77
331736904Russian's returningless than 100,00078
331736905Czar Alexander's agreementcontinental system79
331736906Napolean capturedMoscow80
331736907War of 1812Bristish and France81
331736908Admiral Nelsondefeated Napolean @ Trafaglar82
331736909Civil COnstitution of the ClergyChurch over the clergy83
331736910Napoleanic Lawfreedom of religion, all men equal, social mobility84
331736911Napolean Bonapartegeneral @ 2785
331736912Napoelan's governmentFirst Consul86
331736913chruch landsconfiscated87

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