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AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

Intelligence (AP) Flashcards

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6636171434intelligencemental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations0
6636171435intelligence testa method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores1
6636171436general intelligence (g)a general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test2
6636171437savant syndromea condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing3
6636171438mental agea measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance. Thus, a child who does as well as the average 8-year-old is said to have a mental age of 8.4
6636171439Stanford-Binetthe widely used American revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test5
6636171440intelligence quotient (IQ)the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100 (ma/ca x 100)6
6636171441achievement testa test designed to assess what a person has learned7
6636171442aptitude testa test designed to predict a person's future performance, their capacity to learn8
6636171443standardizationdefining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group9
6636171444normal curvethe symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes. Most scores fall near the average, and fewer and fewer scores lie near the extremes10
6636171445reliabilitythe extent to which a test yields consistent results11
6636171446validitythe extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to12
6636171447content validitythe extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest13
6636171448predictive validitythe success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior14
6636171449practical intelligenceaccording to Sternberg, this is realistic and useful thinking abilities "street smarts"15
6636171450analytical intelligenceaccording to Sternberg, this is logical reasoning typically measured on IQ tests "books smarts"16
6636171451creative intelligenceaccording to Sternberg, inventive problem-solving abilities required to generate new ideas and learn from experience17
6636171452Sternbergproposed the triarchic theory of intelligence (practical, analytical, and creative)18
6636171453Spearmanproposed the two-factor theory of intelligence, that we have one main general intelligence (g-factor) and specific abilities (s-factors)19
6636171454Gardnerproposed the theory of multiple intelligence, claiming there are eight different types20
6636171455emotional intelligencethe ability to recognize emotion in others and in oneself and incorporate knowledge about emotion into reasoning and thought processes (empathy)21
6636171456Flynn effectthe average IQ has been raising over successive generations (due to changes in accessibility of education and educational curriculum)22
6636171457culture-fair testtests designed to allow all individuals, regardless of culture, to perform equally well, trying to overcome cultural bias in testing23
6636171458culture-relevant testtest that focuses on skills and knowledge that are specific to a particular culture and administer only to members of the culture for which it was designed24
6636171459crystallized intelligenceaccumulated knowledge (education, facts, trivia, life skills) and verbal skills; tends to increase with age25
6636171460fluid intelligencethe ability to reason speedily and abstractly; tends to decrease during late adulthood26

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