Terms : Hide Images
| 162962150 | Sensation | Process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive stimulus energy. | |
| 162962151 | Perception | Process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events. | |
| 162962152 | Bottom-Up Processing | Analysis begins with sensory receptors and works up to brain's integration of sensory information. | |
| 162962153 | Top-Down Processing | Information processing guided by higher mental processes, or drawing perceptions based on our experiences. | |
| 162962154 | Absolute Threshold | Minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus. | |
| 162962155 | Signal Detection Theroy | Detection of a stimulus depends on the intensity of the stimulus, and the physical and psychological state of the individual. | |
| 162962156 | Subliminal Perception | Below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness. | |
| 162962157 | Difference Threshold | Minimum difference a person can detect between any two stimuli 50% of the time. | |
| 162962158 | Weber's Law | To be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant proportion (rather than a constant amount). | |
| 162962159 | Sensory Adaptation | Diminished sensitivity as a result of constant stimulation. | |
| 162962160 | Transduction | Sensory systems convert stimulus energy into neural messages. | |
| 162962161 | Retina | Light sensitive inner surface of eye. | |
| 162962162 | Rods | Visual receptor cells located on edge of retina, which detect black, white, gray and movement. | |
| 162962163 | Cones | Visual receptor cells located in center of retina that detect color and sharp details. | |
| 162962164 | Blind Spot | A point at which optic nerve leaves the eye. | |
| 162962165 | Fovea | Central focal point in retina, where eye's cones cluster. | |
| 162962166 | Young-Helmholtz Trichromatic Theory | The retina contains receptor cells that are "tuned" to detect red, green or blue. | |
| 162962167 | Opponent Process Theory | Color is processed in opponent pairs (red-green, yellow-blue, and black-white). | |
| 162962168 | Conduction Hearing Loss | Damage to the mechanical system that sends sound waves to the cochlea (i.e. - a punctured eardrum). | |
| 162962169 | Sensorineural Hearing Loss | Damage to the cochlea's hair cell receptors or their nerves (i.e. - aging, heredity, prolonged exposure to loud noise). | |
| 162962170 | Sensory Interaction | One sense may influence another. | |
| 162962171 | Gate-Control Theory | The spinal cord contains a neurological "gate" that blocks pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain. | |
| 162962172 | Vestibular Sense | The sense of body orientation and balance. | |
| 162962173 | Cochlea | A coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger neural impulses. | |
| 162962174 | Selective Attention | Focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus, while excluding others. | |
| 162962175 | Visual Cliff | The laboratory device for testing depth perception in infants and young animals. | |
| 162962176 | Binocular Cues | Depth cues that require the use of both eyes. | |
| 162962177 | Monocular Cues | Depth cues that require the use of only one eye. | |
| 162962178 | Retinal Disparity | The difference between the images you see with the retinas in your left and right eyes. | |
| 162962179 | Phi Phenomenon | Creating the illusion of movement when fixed lights are turned on and off. | |
| 162962180 | Perceptual Constancy | Perceiving the shape, size, and lightness of an object as unchanging, even as retinal image of object changes. | |
| 162962181 | Perceptual Set | A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another. | |
| 162962182 | Extrasensory Perception (ESP) | The claim that perception can occur apart from sensory input. | |
| 162962183 | Parapsychology | The study of paranormal phenomenon. | |
| 162962184 | Optic Nerve | the nerve that carries neural impulses from the eye to the brain | |
| 162962185 | Feature Detectors | nerve cells in the brain that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement | |
| 162962186 | Middle Ear | the chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones (hammer, anvil, and stirrup) that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea's oval window | |
| 162962187 | Basilar Membrane | A structure that runs the length of the cochlea in the inner ear and holds the auditory receptors, called hair cells. | |
| 162962188 | Inner Ear | the innermost part of the ear, containing the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibular sacs | |
| 162962189 | Accommodation | the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina, the process by which the eye's lens changes shape to focus near or far objects on the retina. (Myers Psychology 8e p. 205)/ in the theories of Jean Piaget: the modification of internal representations in order to accommodate a changing knowledge of reality | |
| 162962190 | Kinesthesis | the system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts | |
| 162962191 | Visual Capture | the tendency for vision to dominate the other senses | |
| 162962192 | Gestalt | an organized whole. Gestalt psychologists emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes | |
| 162962193 | Depth Perception | the ability to see objects in three dimensions although the images that strike the retina are two-dimensional; allows us to judge distance |
