6440318073 | Abstract | Language that describes concepts rather than concrete images. | 0 | |
6440325965 | Ad Hominem | An attack on the person rather than the persons ideas: "against the man." | 1 | |
6440330685 | Allegory | Work that functions on a symbolic level. | 2 | |
6440333624 | Allusion | Reference contained in a work. | 3 | |
6440335637 | Analogy | Basis for comparison. A comparison to a parallel situation. | 4 | |
6440339267 | Anecdote | Story or brief episode told to make a point. | 5 | |
6440342680 | Antecedent | Word, clause, or phrase to which the pronoun refers. | 6 | |
6440347934 | Antithesis | Two contrasting images; ideas balanced by word, phrase, clause, or paragraph. | 7 | |
6440352728 | Argument | Single assertion or a series of them presented and defended by writer. | 8 | |
6440356062 | Attitude | Relationship an author has toward subject and/or audience. | 9 | |
6440358754 | Balance | Situation in which all parts of the presentation are equal; i.e., in sentences, paragraphs, or sections of a longer work. | 10 | |
6440365645 | Cacophony | Harsh and discordant sounds in a line or passage of literary work. | 11 | |
6440369287 | Character | One carrying out action of plot in literature; i.e., major, minor, static, or dynamic types. | 12 | |
6440374218 | Colloquial | Slang in writing, used to provide local color and informality. | 13 | |
6440377361 | Comic Relief | Inclusion of humorous character or scene to contrast and intensify tragic event. | 14 | |
6440381441 | Conflict | Clash between opposing forces in a literary work. | 15 | |
6440385494 | Connective Tissue | Elements that create coherence in a written piece. | 16 | |
6440411806 | Connotation | Interpretation of word based on associated images rather than literal meaning. | 17 | |
6440416700 | Deduction | Process of moving from general rule to specific example. | 18 | |
6440419503 | Denotation | Literal or dictionary meaning of a word. | 19 | |
6440421978 | Dialect | Re-creation of a regional spoken language, such as Southern dialect. | 20 | |
6440424853 | Diction | Author's choice of words that creates tone, attitude, and style, as well as meaning. | 21 | |
6440428122 | Didactic | Work wholly designed to teach; usually formal. | 22 | |
6440434337 | Discourse | Discussion of specific topic. | 23 | |
6440438814 | Ellipsis | Series of three periods indication omission of word, phrase, sentence, paragraph, or whole section from a text. | 24 | |
6440444822 | Epigraph | Quotation at beginning of a work that hints at its theme. | 25 | |
6440454062 | Eupemism | More acceptable or pleasant way of saying something that might be either inappropriate or uncomfortable. | 26 | |
6440458851 | Euphony | Please, mellifluous presentation of sounds in a literary work. | 27 | |
6440461829 | Exposition | Background information presented in a literary work. | 28 | |
6440465734 | Extended Metaphor | Sustained comparison, often referred to as a "conceit." | 29 | |
6440468475 | Figurative Language | Devices used by writing that are not literal; i.e., metaphor simile, motif, symbol, hyperbole, etc. | 30 | |
6440477071 | Flashback | Device that enables writer to refer to past thoughts, events, or episodes. | 31 | |
6440480232 | Form | Shape or structure of a literary work. | 32 | |
6440482637 | Hyperbole | Extreme exaggeration. | 33 | |
6440484266 | Image | Verbal approximation of a sensory impression, concept, or emotion. | 34 | |
6440487484 | Imagery | total effect of related sensory images in a literary work. | 35 | |
6440490116 | Induction | Process moving from a given series of specifics to a generalization. | 36 | |
6440492798 | Inference | Conclusion on can draw from presented details. | 37 | |
6440495782 | Invective | Abusive attack. | 38 | |
6440497994 | Irony | Unexpected twist or contrast between what happens and what was intended or expected to happen. | 39 | |
6440501501 | Logic | Process of reasoning. | 40 | |
6440502835 | Logical Fallacy | Mistake in reasoning. | 41 | |
6440504512 | Metaphor | Direct comparison between dissimilar things. | 42 | |
6440506816 | Metonymy | Figure of speech in which a representative term is used for larger idea; i.e., often "part for whole." | 43 | |
6440511372 | Monologue | Speech given by one character. | 44 | |
6440514430 | Motif | Repetition or variations of an image or idea used to develop them and/or characters. | 45 | |
6440518507 | Narrator | Speaker of a literary work. | 46 | |
6440520614 | Onoamatopoeia | Words that sound like the sound they represent. | 47 | |
6440524318 | Oxymoron | Image of contradictory term; i.e., jumbo shrimp. | 48 | |
6440527618 | Pacing | Movement of a literary piece from one point or section to another. | 49 | |
6440531178 | Parable | Story that operates on more than one level, often to teach a moral lesson. | 50 | |
6440534617 | Parody | Comic imitation of a work that ridicules the original. | 51 | |
6440536750 | Pathos | Aspects that elicit emotion. | 52 | |
6440539800 | Pedantic | Describes writing that borders on lecturing; often scholarly, academic, overly difficult and distant. | 53 | |
6440546468 | Periodic Sentence | Main clause occurs at end of sentence. Phrases and/or dependent clauses precede main clause. | 54 | |
6440551041 | Personification | Assigning of human qualities to inanimate objects or concepts. | 55 | |
6440557135 | Persuasion | Argument with a goal toward causing audience to act. | 56 | |
6440562790 | Plot | Series of events in literary work. | 57 | |
6440564774 | Point of View | Meth of narration in literary work. | 58 | |
6440567009 | Pun | A play on works that often has a comic effect. | 59 | |
6440571640 | Reductio ad Absurdum | Latin for "to reduce to the absurd." Can be used both for comic effect and argument. A logical fallacy as it reduces an argument to an "either/or" choice. | 60 | |
6440582344 | Rhetoric | Tools enabling a writer to present ideas to audience effectively. | 61 | |
6440586557 | Rhetorical Question | A question posed by not expected to be answered. Used to pose an idea. | 62 | |
6440590184 | Sarcasm | Comic technique that ridicules through caustic language. | 63 | |
6440596788 | Satire | Mode of writing based on ridicule, which criticizes the society without often offering a solution. | 64 | |
6440604343 | Setting | Time and place of literary work. | 65 | |
6440739274 | Simile | Comparison using "like" or "as." | 66 | |
6440742052 | Stage Directions | Playwright's specific instructions concerning sets, characterization, delivery, etc. | 67 | |
6440748022 | Stanza | Unit of poem, similar in rhyme, meter and length to rest of poem. | 68 | |
6440750929 | Structure | Organization and form of work. | 69 | |
6440752125 | Style | Unique way author presents ideas and includes diction, syntax, imagery, structure, and content. | 70 | |
6440758030 | Summary | Reducing of original text to essential parts. | 71 | |
6440761664 | Syllogism | Format of formal argument, consisting of major premise, minor premise, and conclusion. | 72 | |
6440766568 | Symbol | Something standing for something else. | 73 | |
6440773124 | Synecdoche | Figure of speech utilizing a part as representative of a whole. | 74 | |
6440776931 | Syntax | Grammatical structure of prose and poetry. | 75 | |
6440780157 | Synthesis | Integration of sources into the development and support of a writer's thesis or claim. | 76 | |
6440784843 | Theme | Underlying ideas illustrated through characterization, motifs, language, plot, etc. | 77 | |
6440788181 | Thesis | Main idea of a piece of writing. | 78 | |
6440789735 | Tone | Author's attitude toward subject. | 79 | |
6440791468 | Transition | Word, phrase, or sentence that links or provides coherence in writing. | 80 | |
6440796393 | Understatement | Opposite of exaggeration. | 81 | |
6440798537 | Voice | 1. Relationship between a sentence's subject and verb; i.e., active vs. passive voice. 2. "Sound" of a writer's style. | 82 |
MacArthur AP III and AP IV Additional Terms for AP Exam Flashcards
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