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| 12749352 | Homer | perhaps never existed, "author" of the Iliad and Odyssey | 0 | |
| 12749353 | Minoan | late 3rd millennium BCE; Crete; Knossos a lavish palace; core of society and rulers resided there | 1 | |
| 12749354 | Linear A | written symbols that stood for syllables from Crete; dissapeared when many people fled to the islands of the Aegean Sea, Anatolia, or Cyprus | 2 | |
| 12749355 | Crete | a principal center for commerce advance sailing craft | 3 | |
| 12749356 | Decline of Minoan | natural catastrophes; attracted invaders and fell at 1100 BCE | 4 | |
| 12749357 | Linear B | Mycenaean | 5 | |
| 12820559 | The Polis | referred to a citadel or fortified site that offered refuge for local communities during times of war or other emergencies; in other words a city state | 6 | |
| 12820560 | Tyrant | generals or ambitious politicians in Greece who gained power by irregular means | 7 | |
| 12820561 | Sparta | one of the most important poleis; descendants of Dorians; believed to be descendants of Hercules; located on the southern peninsula of Greece; whenever other poleis had food shortages, they just invaded them and made them make their food; life revolved around their military | 8 | |
| 12820562 | Athens | the other one of the most important poleis; descendants of Myceneans; mid 600's BC governed by 4 tyrants | 9 | |
| 12820563 | Draco | was first tyrant; issued an improved code of laws in 621 BC; everyone knew cause it was written down; penalties for breaking the law were severe even for the most minor crimes, such as death; debtors were slaves | 10 | |
| 12820564 | Solon | 594 BC; first to try to improve the economy; cancelled all land debts and freed all debtors from slavery urged farmers to make cash crops instead of grain so the can make money; tried to end conflict between aristocrats and commoners; did so by making a two house legislature which had 400; commoners and aristocrats made up those things so things would be fair | 11 | |
| 12820565 | Peisistratus | 546 BC; pushed reforms in an even more radical direction than Solon; divide up large estates and gave land to landless farmers; he extended citizenship to men who didn't own land; he provided loans and jobs to the poor; ("lets pave these road cuz, i mean, then u guys can have work and it'd be like a stimulus check, ya know?") | 12 | |
| 12904650 | The Persian War | (500-479 B.C.E) Greek cities on Ionian coast revolted against Persia, 500 BCE, battle of Marathon, 490 BCE, is decisive victory of Athens; Xerxes tried again to seize Athens; his navy lost battle of Salamis; Persian army retreated back to Anatolia | 13 | |
| 12904651 | Pericles | most popular democratic leader of Athens | 14 | |
| 12904652 | The Delian League | Military and financial alliance among Greek poleis against Persian threat; When Persian threat subsided, poleis, other than Ahens, no longer wanted to make contributions | 15 | |
| 12904653 | The Peloponnesian War | Tensions led to two armed camps, under leadership of Athens and Sparta; unconditional surrender of Athens, 404 BCE | 16 | |
| 12904654 | Philip of Macedon | brought Greece under control | 17 | |
| 12904655 | Alexander of Macedon | succeeds Philip at age twenty but dies at thirty cuz he was an idiot, and he had a little too much to drink; by 331 BCE, controlled Syria, Egypt, Mesopotamia; invaded Persian homeland and burned Persepolis; crossed the Indus by 327, but his army didn't want to go any further | 18 | |
| 12904656 | Antigonid | Greece and Macedon; continuous tension between the Antigonid rulers and Greek cities; Economy of Athens and Corinth flourished again through trade | 19 | |
| 12904657 | Ptolemaic | Egypt was the wealthiest; the rulers did not interfere in Egyptian society; Alexandria is the capital at the mouth of the Nile; cultural center: the famous Alexandria Museum and Alexandria Library; | 20 | |
| 12904658 | Selucid | largest from Bactria to Anatolia; Greek and Macedonian colonists flocked to Greek cities of former Persia; Colonists created a mediterranean-style urban society; Bactria withdrew from Seleucids and established independent Greek kingdom | 21 | |
| 12910263 | Sappho | a famous Greek poet; accused of being homosexual just because she wrote about having an attraction to young women; even though male gayness was ok women gayness was not. (no scissoring for them. but butt sex time is ok?). | 22 | |
| 12913124 | Socrates | (470-399 BCE); encouraged reflection on questions of ethics and mortality; was condemned to death on charge of corrupting Athenian youths | 23 | |
| 12913125 | Plato | (430-347 BCE); disciple of Socrates; the theory of forms or ideas--world of ideal qualities; his republic expressed the ideal of philosophical kings | 24 | |
| 12913126 | Aristotle | Plato's student, but distrusted theory of Forms; devised rules of logic to construct powerful arguments; philosophers should rely on sense to provide accurate information | 25 | |
| 12914910 | Epicureans | identified pleasure as the greatest good | 26 | |
| 12914911 | Skeptics | doubted certainty of knowledge, sought equanimity | 27 | |
| 12914912 | Stoics | taught individuals duty to aid other and lead virtuous lives | 28 |
