Terms : Hide Images
| 228931127 | Bourgeoisie | the middle class | |
| 228931128 | Deficit Spending | government practice of spending more than it takes in from taxes | |
| 228931130 | Émigré | nobles and others who left France during peasant uprisings and who hoped to come back to the old system | |
| 228931131 | Republic | a form of government in which citizens elect representatives to speak or act for them | |
| 228931132 | Suffrage | the right to vote | |
| 228931133 | Nationalism | a strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country | |
| 228931134 | Secular | Concerned with worldly rather than religious matters | |
| 228931135 | Plebiscite | a direct vote in which a country's people have the opportunity to approve or reject a proposal | |
| 228931136 | Annex | to add a territory onto an existing state or country | |
| 228931137 | Blockade | the shutting of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out | |
| 228931138 | Guerrilla Warfare | a hit-and-run technique used in fighting a war; fighting by small bands of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes | |
| 228931139 | Abdicate | to give up power | |
| 228931140 | Legitimacy | Principle by which monarchies that had been unseated by the French Revolution or Napoleon were restored | |
| 228931141 | Cahiers | list of grievances drawn up by delegates going to the meeting of the estates general | |
| 228931142 | Tennis Court Oath | vow by members of the 3rd estate not to disband until a constitution was written | |
| 228931143 | National Assembly | a French congress established by representatives of the Third Estate on June 17, 1789, to enact laws and reforms in the name of the French people | |
| 228931144 | Bastille | The political prison and armory stormed on July 14, 1789, by Partisian city workers alarmed by the king's concentration of troops at Versailles | |
| 228931145 | Declaration of Plinitz | king of Prussia and emperor of Austria issue declaration threatening to intervene to protect french monarchy. | |
| 228931146 | Great Fear | The panic and insecurity that struck French peasants in the summer of 1789 and led to their widespread destruction of manor houses and feudal documents. | |
| 228931147 | Tri color | red, white, and blue badge worn by members of the National Guard that was eventually adopted as the national flag of France | |
| 228931148 | Jacobins | Very radical political club that wanted a republic for France Also responsible for the execution of the king | |
| 228931149 | Committee of Public Safety | Created by the National Convention, 12 people, had almost absolute power, battled to protect the revolution, and prepared France for war by ordering all citizens to join the war-effort, responsible for executing up to 40,000 French deemed as traitors to the revolution | |
| 228931150 | Directory | Phase 3 - A group of 5 men who were given executive control of France following the Reign of Terror | |
| 228931151 | Consulate | Phase 4 - government established in France after the overthrow of the Directory in 1799, with Napoleon as first consul in control of the entire government | |
| 228931152 | Concordat of 1801 | Napoleon's agreement with Catholic Church, Church under state control but recognized religious freedom | |
| 228931153 | Napoleonic Code | a comprehensive and uniform system of laws established for France by Napoleon. Preserved many of the rights of the people gained by the revolution. | |
| 228931154 | Battle of Trafalgar | an 1805 naval battle in which Napoleon's forces were defeated by a British fleet under the command of Horatio Nelson. Ended Napoleon's plans to invade Britain. | |
| 228931155 | Waterloo | The site of Napoleon's defeat by British and Prussian armies in 1815, which ended his last bid for power | |
| 228931156 | Quadruple Alliance | Alliance between Prussia, Austria, Russia, and Great Britian. Pledged to act together to maintain balance of power and surpress revolutionary uprisings following the French Revolution. | |
| 228931157 | Louis XVI | King of France (1774-1792). In 1789 he summoned the Estates-General, due to the French financial crisis. His failure to enact reform would led to the French Revolution. Louis and his wife, Marie Antoinette, were executed in 1793. | |
| 228931158 | Necker | financial expert of Louis XVI, he advised Louis to reduce court spending, tax the first and second estates, abolish tarriffs on internal trade in order to avoid bankruptcy | |
| 228931159 | Lafayette | French soldier who fought alongside the Americans in the Revolutionary War and then commanded the French National Guard during the French Revolution | |
| 228931160 | Marie Antoinette | queen of France (wife of Louis XVI) who was unpopular. Known as "madame deficit" due to her lavish spending. | |
| 228931161 | Robespierre | A French political leader of the 18th century. A Jacobin, a radical leader of the French Revolution. Headed the Committee of Public Safety, responsible for the Reign of Terror, was later executed. | |
| 228931162 | Dr. Guillotin | introduced the Guillotin as a more humane way of beheading, Equality of Punishment | |
| 228931163 | Napoleon | Emperor of France; he seized power in a coup d'état in 1799; he led French armies in conquering much of Europe, placing his relatives in positions of power. Defeated at the Battle of Waterloo, he was exiled on the island of Elba | |
| 228931164 | Metternich | the most influential figure at the Congress of Vienna; wanted to restore the status quo of 1792 | |
| 228931165 | Castlereagh | British prime minister who was the representative at the Congress of Vienna who sought a European balance of power, in which no single state or combination of states would dominate Europe. | |
| 228931166 | Talleyrand | French diplomat who attended the Congress of Vienna on behalf of King Louis XVIII; He tried to get France the best deal possible | |
| 228931167 | First Estate | They consisted of the Roman Catholic Clergy; they received special privileges and paid no direct taxes. Made up less than 1% of the French population. | |
| 228931168 | Second Estate | The estate that consisted of the noblility, and high-positioned government officials. They made up less than 2% of the French population. | |
| 228931169 | Third Estate | Largest of the Three Estates, made up of Bourgeoisie, Peasants, and Urban Workers. Had the least money and power but paid the virtually all of the taxes. | |
| 228931170 | National Assembly Phase | First phase of the French Revolution 1789-1791. Moderate Phase that attempted to reform French government and society. | |
| 228931171 | Moderate Phase | First Phase of French Revolution. 1789-1791. Key points: Tennis Court Oath, Storming the Bastille, the Declaration of the Rights of Man, Civil Constitution of the Clergy, Constitution of 1791 | |
| 228931172 | Radical Phase | Second phase of the French Revolution 1792-1794, Radicals gain control of National Assembly becoming the National Convention. The Monarchy is abolished, Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette executed, Committee of Public Safety created, Reign of Terror | |
| 228931173 | The Directory | Third Phase of the French Revolution 1795-1799, Constitution of 1795 written, Five Man Directory established Overthrown by Napoleon. | |
| 228931174 | Age of Napoleon | Fourth phase of the Revolution 1799-1815. Napoleon overthrows the Directory, establishes the Consulate, names himself 1st consul then "consul for life", eventually becomes "Emperor of the French" | |
| 229974419 | Nepotism | favoritism shown to relatives or close friends by those in power (as by giving them jobs) | |
| 229974420 | Congress of Vienna | a series of meetings in 1814-1815, during which the European leaders sought to establish long-lasting peace, restore balance of power, protect the system of monarchy | |
| 229974421 | Continental System | Napoleon's efforts to block foreign trade with England by forbidding Importation of British goods Into Europe. |
