Terms : Hide Images
| thread-like structures made of DNA molecules containing genes. At conception, 23 chromosomes in the egg are paired with the 23 chromosomes in the sperm. | ||
| (deoxyribonucleic acid) a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes. | ||
| biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes. They are segments of the DNA molecules capable of synthesizing a protein. | ||
| complete set of genetic instructions for making an organism. | ||
| evolutionary principle that traits that contribute to reproduction and survival are the most likely to be passed on to succeeding generations. | ||
| random errors in genetic replication that are the source of genetic diversity with a species. | ||
| the study of the evolution of behavior using the principles of natural selection. | ||
| the biological and social characteristics by which people define male and female. | ||
| study of genetic and environmental influences on specific behaviors. | ||
| every non-genetic or external influence on our traits and behaviors. | ||
| develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two and therefore are genetically identical. | ||
| develop from two separate eggs fertilized by different sperm and therefore are no more genetically similar than ordinary siblings. | ||
| a person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity. | ||
| proportion of variance among individuals in a trait that is attributable to genetic factors. Current estimates place the heritability of intelligence at about 50-70% | ||
| occurs when the effects of one factor (heredity) depend on another factor (environment) Ex.: gene/environment interaction is at play when an aggressive child is dealt with sternly by a teacher who will interact more warmly to more compliant classmates. | ||
| subfield of biology that strives to identify specific genes that influence specific human traits and behaviors. | ||
| enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions that are shared by a large group of people and are passed from one generation to another. | ||
| understood social rules for accepted and expected behaviors. | ||
| the buffer zone, or mobile territory that people like to maintain around their bodies. | ||
| variations in ideas, fashions, and innovations passed from one person to another that cause rapid cultural mutations. An idea passed from person to person. | ||
| sex chromosome found in both men and women. Females inherit an X chromosome from each parent. | ||
| sex chromosome found only in men. Males inherit an X chromosome from their mother and a Y chromosome from their father. | ||
| principal male sex hormone. During prenatal development testosterone stimulates the development of the external male sex organs. | ||
| culturally prescribed set of behaviors expected of those that have a particular social position. | ||
| culturally prescribed set of behaviors for males and females. | ||
| one's personal sense of being male or female. | ||
| the acquisition of a traditional feminine or masculine gender role. | ||
| people learn social behaviors (such as gender roles) by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished. | ||
| children acquire a cultural concept of what it means to be female or male and adjust their behavior accordingly. |
