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| 89768669 | Italian Renaissance | Trade simulated by the Crusades made several of the Italian city-states wealthy and wealthy families became patrons of the arts supporting; some of the supporters were Catholic Popes | 0 | |
| 89768670 | Renewed Interests during the Renaissance | reading, writing, architecture, and philosophy | 1 | |
| 89768671 | wealthy city-states of the Renaissance | Genoa, Venice, and Florence | 2 | |
| 89768672 | wealthy family/ patrons of the arts supporting | Medici family | 3 | |
| 89768673 | artists that the patrons supported | da Vinci or Michelangelo | 4 | |
| 89771721 | Renaissance Man | excelled in many areas of study | 5 | |
| 89771722 | humanism | focus on the accomplishments, characteristics, and capabilities of humans, not God; challenged Medieval Christian value | 6 | |
| 89771723 | Machiavelli and Shakespeare | inspiring literary styles | 7 | |
| 89771724 | Rise of bourgeoisie (town dwellers) | developed new class; eventually become more wealthy than nobles | 8 | |
| 89771725 | growth of income gap | late 16th century; rise of wealth of bourgeoisie created gap between rich and poor | 9 | |
| 89771726 | change in marriage | most of world=arranged; choice started in Europe; had later marriages to be sure to support a family but resulted in fewer births | 10 | |
| 89775418 | Prince Henry of Portugal | determined to increase Portuguese influence of exploration | 11 | |
| 89775419 | Bartolomeu Dias | explorer; reached Cape of Good Hope and Indian Ocean 1488 | 12 | |
| 89775420 | Vasco da Gama | arrived in Calicut 1498 | 13 | |
| 89775421 | Cristoforo Colombo | hoped to reach Asia by sailing west; rejected by Portuguese king but sponsored by king and queen of Spain; 1492 led 3 ships to Caribbean Sea believed near Japan | 14 | |
| 89775422 | Ferdinand Magellan | crossed Atlantic and Pacific 1519-1522; 1 out of 5 completed circumnavigation of world; died in conflict with Philippine Island | 15 | |
| 89775423 | Captain James Cook | British Explorer to Australia | 16 | |
| 89775424 | 3 G's | God, Gold, Glory | 17 | |
| 89776816 | volta do mar | navigation technique perfected by Portuguese | 18 | |
| 89776817 | Portuguese | built more than 50 trading posts between west Africa and East Asia | 19 | |
| 89776818 | 1565 | Spanish conquest of the Philippines | 20 | |
| 89776819 | Seven Years' War | British and Prussians vs. France, Austria, and Russia | 21 | |
| 89776820 | Place of Seven Years' War | Europe, India, Caribbean, and North America | 22 | |
| 89776821 | Outcome of Seven Years' War | British hegemony; gained control of India, Canada and Florida; Prussians held off massive armies of enemies; war paved the way for British empire in 19th century | 23 | |
| 89778873 | Medieval Art | entirely religious, flat, stiff | 24 | |
| 89778874 | Renaissance Art | religious and secular, public places and homes and cathedrals, changes to more realistic | 25 | |
| 90191431 | Colombian Exchange | global diffusion of plants, food, crops, animals, human populations, and disease pathogens; permanently altered earth's environment | 26 | |
| 90191432 | Epidemic Diseases | led to staggering population loss; reduced Aztec population by 95% in one century after 1519; same affect in Pacific Islands | 27 | |
| 90191433 | Between 1500-1800 | 100 million people died of imported disease | 28 | |
| 90191434 | Colombian Exchange in America | horses, maize, potatoes, beans; Growth of Population- 425 million in 1500=900 million in 1800 | 29 | |
| 90191435 | Enslaved Africans | largest group of migrants from 1500-1800 | 30 | |
| 90191436 | Transoceanic trades | European merchants created a genuinely global trading system of supply and demand, linking the ports of the world | 31 | |
| 90191437 | The Manila Galleons | Asian luxury goods to Mexico/ Silver from Mexico to CHINA; Asian luxury goods to Europe/ Silver to CHINA | 32 | |
| 90191438 | Martin Luther and 95 Theses | Attacked corruption in the Roman Catholic Church; called for reform; attacked sale of indulgences; argument reproduced with printing presses and widely read | 33 | |
| 90191439 | sale of indulgences | pardons sold that released people from performing penalties of their sins | 34 | |
| 90191440 | Main disagreement with Roman Church | equated good works with salvation and ignored importance of faith | 35 | |
| 90191441 | Martin Luther's Ideas | Faith in God's forgiveness brought salvation; Teachings should be based on Bible; All people with faith are equal | 36 | |
| 90191442 | King Henry VIII's English Reformation | desired divorce; unapproved; declared himself King of the English Church | 37 | |
| 90191443 | John Calvin | missionaries successful in Scotland, Low countries, France, and England | 38 | |
| 90191444 | Calvin's Predestination | doctrine that God has foreordained all things, especially that God has elected certain souls to enter salvation | 39 | |
| 90191445 | Gutenberg's Printing Press | helped spread reform by printing the Bible; increases literacy and use of vernacular | 40 | |
| 90191446 | Protestant Reformation | reason: merchants resented paying taxes to church in Rome | 41 | |
| 90191447 | Catholic Reformation | response to Protestant Reformation | 42 | |
| 90191448 | Council of Trent | 1545-1563, directed reform of Roman Catholic Church | 43 | |
| 90191449 | Society of Jesus (Jesuits) | founded 1540 by Ignatius Loyola; high standards in education; became effective advisors and missionaries worldwide | 44 | |
| 90191450 | The Thirty Years' War | 1618-1648; based on religion; most destructive European war up to WWI | 45 |
