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Palmer: French Revolution Flashcards

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1118138297regimeFrench word for government0
1118138298old regimethe political, social, and economic system of the 18th century1
1118138299absolute monarchy; people didn't want one person deciding everything; Lettre de Cachet; government was corruptWhat were the political causes of the Abuses of the Old Regime?2
1118138300estatesPeople didn't like that society was divided into _____3
1118138301Feudal duescommoners had to pay a noble for past usage of land4
1118138302clergyWho made up the 1st estate?5
1118138303noblesWho made up the 2nd estate?6
1118138304commonersWho made up the 3rd estate?7
1118138305tailletax on land8
1118138306gabelletax on salt9
1118138307corveeforced labor on Roads and Bridges10
1118138308tithe10% to church11
111813830970_____% of a commoner's pay went to anyone but them12
1118138310taxesthe economic causes of the abuses of the old regime were mainly caused by _____13
1118138311Bourgeoisie; Influence of Enlightened Philosophers; Influence of English/American Revolutions; Incompetent and unpopular government; Financial difficultiesWhat were the secondary causes of the French Revolution?14
1118138312Bourgeoisiemiddle class in France15
1118138313statusThe Bourgeoisie resented the nobility's ______16
1118138314Burgesses; Burghers; BourgeoisieThe 3B's of the Middle Class are England's _______, Germany's _____, and France's ______17
1118138315Locke; Rousseau; Voltaire; MontesqueiuWho were the four Enlightened Philosophers who most influenced the French Revolution?18
1118138316successfulBoth the American and English Revolutions were _____19
1118138317Louis XVI; Marie AntoinetteThe two rulers of the unpopular and incompetent government were King _____ and Queen _____20
1118138318Robert TurgotWho was the finance minister fired by Louis XVI?21
1118138319Meeting of the Estates GeneralWhat meeting brought all 3 social classes together?22
1118138320May 1789When was the Meeting of the Estates General?23
1118138321175The Meeting of the Estates General in May 1789 was the first in _____ years24
1118138322bankruptcyThe Meeting of the Estates General was called to consider the question of government ______25
1118138323one; out voted; popularThe problem with the Meeting of the Estates General was that each estate only had ____ vote, so the third estate was ____ ____, and wanted a _____ vote26
1118138324Tennis Court OathPledge by 3rd estate to write a constitution for France27
1118138325National AssemblyThe 3rd Estate declared themselves the _____ _____28
1118138326assemblylaw making body29
1118138327BastilleThe storming of the ______ started the French Revolution30
1118138328July 14, 1789Date of Bastille Day31
1118138329kingBastille Day publicly destroyed the symbol of the _____32
11181383301789; 1791The works of the National Assembly were from ____-____33
1118138331tax exemptions; Feudal dues; mandatory church tithes; class distinctionsThe National Assembly abolished what four things known as the August decrees?34
1118138332citizensBecause all class distinctions were abolished, people were called these.35
1118138333Declaration of the Rights of Man and CitizenFrench Bill of Rights36
1118138334August, 1789When was the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen written?37
1118138335lawThe Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen stated that everyone is equal before the ______38
1118138336speech; press; religion; assembly; unlawful arrestWhat five freedoms were given in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?39
1118138337meetFreedom of assembly meant that groups could ____40
1118138338Lettre de CachetFreedom of unlawful arrest went against the ____ ____ ____41
11181383396000How many women and children were in the Women's March on Versailles?42
1118138340October 1789When was the Women's March on Versailles?43
1118138341ParisThe result of the Women's March on Versailles was that the King and his family were taken to ____44
1118138342Civil Constitution of the ClergyThe ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ was the government's way to control the church.45
1118138343elected; paid a salaryThe Civil Constitution of the Clergy made sure that all clergy were ____ and ____ ____ ____46
11181383441/5The Civil Constitution of the Clergy seized ____ of all church land47
1118138345Oath of FranceDidn't want all French money going to Rome.48
1118138346Constitution of 1791Established France as a limited monarchy49
11181383471791; 1792; yearThe Constitution of 1791 lasted from only ____ - ____ (one _____)50
1118138348powersThe Constitution of 1791 established separation of _____51
1118138349progress; immediatelyWe often think that change=______, but we always want it _____52
1118138350Girondistsmoderates (bourgeoise); wanted a republic53
1118138351Jacobinsradicals; opposed the King and bourgeoisie favored a republic dominated by poor people54
1118138352newspaper; demonstrations; clubs; leadersThe appeal of the Jacobins was that they issued a ____ and led _____, opened ____ all over France, and had capable _____55
1118138353Robespierre; Marat; DantonWho were the three leaders of the Jacobins?56
1118138354RobespierreWho was the mastermind of the Jacobins?57
1118138355DantonWhich leader of the Jacobins got the army on their side?58
1118138356emigres(smart) nobles that fled France early in the Revolution59
1118138357nobles; peasantsWar against Austria and Prussia was basically _______ against ______60
1118138358Liberty! Equality! Fraternity!What was the battle cry of the French Revolution?61
1118138359LibertyFreedom62
1118138360FraternityBrotherhood63
1118138361June 1791When did the King escape?64
1118138362August 3, 1792When was the Brunswick Manifesto?65
1118138363Duke of BrunswickWho wrote the Brunswick Manifesto?66
1118138364PrussianThe Duke of Brunswick was the leader of the ____ army67
1118138365harmed; leveledThe Brunswick Manifesto stated that if the Royal Family was _____, Paris would be ______68
1118138366Storming of the Tuileries PalaceWhat was the massacre of guards, and trying the King for treason?69
11181383672800How many people died at the Storming of the Tuileries Palace?70
11181383681793The National convention was what year?71
1118138369constitutionThe National Convention wrote a new _____72
1118138370virtueThe National Convention called themselves the Republic of _____73
1118138371RobespierreWho was the president of the National Convention?74
1118138372sans culottesUltra radicals; men without knee britches75
1118138373noblesThe sans culottes wanted to kill all _____76
1118138374governmentThe Jacobins seized control of all _____ powers77
1118138375Committee of Public SafetyDictatorship of Robespierre that uncovered enemies of the Revolution78
1118138376draftConscription means _____79
1118138377ConscriptionDraft into French military80
1118138378July 1793; July 1794The Reign of Terror lasted from _____ ____ - _____ ____81
1118138379January; 1793The execution of Louis XIV was in _____ 1793 before the beginning of the Reign of Terror, and the execution of Marie Antoinette was in ____82
111813838020,000; 40,000____-____ people were killed during the Reign of Terror83
1118138381Law of Suspectsarrest and execution of suspected traitors and counterrevolutionaries84
1118138382killersThe idea behind ending the Reign of Terror was to kill the _____!85
1118138383Jacobinthe three _____ leaders were killed to end the Reign of Terror86
1118138384Charlotte CordayWho killed Marat?87
1118138385MaratEditor of the Jacobin Paper "L'Ami du Peuple" and first Jacobin leader to be killed88
1118138386stabbedMarat was _____ by Charlotte Corday89
1118138387L'Ami du PeupleThe friend of the People90
1118138388DantanExecuted by Robespierre91
1118138389Law of SuspectsWhat did Robespierre use to justify the execution of Dantan?92
1118138390July 27, 1794When was Robespierre executed?93
1118138391moderatesWhen Robespierre was executed, power was passed back to the _____94
1118138392National Convention; GirondistsThe Moderates took control of the _____ ____ and wrote a new constitution of the _____95
1118138393Constitution of 1795What created a two house Parliament and Directory government?96
1118138394Elders; 500The two houses of Parliament were the Council of ______ and the Council of ______97
1118138395electedThe five directors were _____ from the Council of Elders98
11181383965; executiveThere were ____ directors in the Directory and they formed the ____ branch of French government99
11181383971795; 1799The Directory lasted from _____ - _____100
1118138398inflation; food shortages; unrest; relying on the army for supportWhat were the four Problems with the Directory?101
1118138399November 9, 1799When was the Directory Overthrown?102
1118138400General Napoleon BonaparteWho overthrew the Directory?103
1118138401MilitaryGeneral Napoleon Bonaparte established what kind of dictatorship?104
1118138402coup d'etatWhat is French for a military overthrow?105
1118138403Abuses of Old Regime eliminated; Introduction to Democratic Rights; Nationalism; Educational Improvements; World InfluenceWhat were the five results of the French Revolution?106
1118138404conscription; La Marseillaise; Bastille DayList the three parts of French Nationalism107
1118138405La MarseillaiseFrench National Anthem108
1118138406whiff of grapeshotNapoleon gave the rioting crowd a "____ ___ ____109
1118138407metric system; national system of educationWhat were the two Educational improvements of the French Revolution?110
1118138408guideOther countries started to look to French Revoluion as a _____111
1118138409Madame Tussaudartist who got to live if she made death masks of Reign of Terror victems112

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