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Population and Health Flashcards

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4863693476Population DensityThe number of people per unit of area, usually quoted per square kilometer or square mile (which may include or exclude, for example, areas of water or glaciers). Commonly this may be calculated for a county, city, country, another territory, or the entire world.0
4863699892Arithmetic densityThe total number of people / area of land (measured in square miles or square kilometers ).1
4863704682Physiological densityThe total population / area of arable land.2
4863717087population distributionthe arrangement or spread of people living in a given area; also, how the population of an area is arranged according to variables such as age, race, or sex3
4863717629Dot MapA dot distribution map (also known as dot density map) is a map type that uses a dot symbol to show the presence of a feature or phenomenon. Dot maps rely on a visual scatter to show spatial pattern.4
4863725899Megapolisa chain of roughly adjacent metropolitan areas.5
4863725900Censusan official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals.6
4863729153Total Fertility RateThe number of children who would be born per woman (or per 1,000 women)7
4863731425Old-age dependency ratioThe dependency ratio is a measure showing the number of dependents, aged zero to 14 and over the age of 65, to the total population, aged 15 to 64. It is also referred to as the "total dependency ratio."8
4863733689Child-dependency ratioThe dependency ratio is a measure showing the number of dependents, aged zero to 14 and over the age of 65, to the total population, aged 15 to 64. It is also referred to as the "total dependency ratio."9
4863733690Doubling timeThe period of time required for a quantity to double in size or value. It is applied to population growth10
4863736464Population explosiona sudden large increase in the size of a population.11
4863782582Zero population Growththe maintenance of a population at a constant level by limiting the number of live births to only what is needed to replace the existing population.12
4863784309Crude birth rateThe crude birth rate is the number of live births occurring among the population of a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 mid-year total population of the given geographical area during the same year.13
4863784310crude death rateThe crude death rate is the number of deaths occurring among the population of a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 mid-year total population of the given geographical area during the same year.14
4863787037natural increaseThe difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths occurring in a year, divided by the mid-year population of that year, multiplied by a factor (usually 1,000). It is equal to the difference between the crude birth rate and the crude death rate.15
4863787038demographic transitionthe transition from high birth and death rates to lower birth and death rates as a country or region develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system.16
4863789546Stationary Population LevelLevel at which national population ceases to grow17
4863789547Population CompositionThe description of a population according to characteristics such as age and sex.18
4863792812Population PyramidsA population pyramid, also called an age pyramid or age picture diagram, is a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population (typically that of a country or region of the world), which forms the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing.19
4863794516Infant Mortality Ratethe number of deaths under one year of age occurring among the live births in a given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 live births occurring among the population of the given geographical area during the same year.20
4863794517Child Mortality Ratealso known as under-5 mortality or child death, refers to the death of infants and children under the age of five or between the age of one month to four years depending on the definition21
4863796578Life Expectancythe average period that a person may expect to live.22
4863799271Infectious diseasesdisorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Many organisms live in and on our bodies. They're normally harmless or even helpful, but under certain conditions, some organisms may cause disease. Some infectious diseases can be passed from person to person.23
4863891247Chronic DiseasesA chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or more, by the definition of the U.S. National Center for Health Statistics. Chronic diseases generally cannot be prevented by vaccines or cured by medication, nor do they just disappear.24
4863900032Genetic disorderA genetic disorder is a genetic problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome, especially a condition that is present from birth (congenital). Most genetic disorders are quite rare and affect one person in every several thousands or millions.25
4863906823Endemic(of a disease or condition) regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.26
4863906824Epidemica widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.27
4863908979Pandemic(of a disease) prevalent over a whole country or the world.28
4863908980Malariaan intermittent and remittent fever caused by a protozoan parasite that invades the red blood cells. The parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes in many tropical and subtropical regions.29
4863910453AIDSa disease in which there is a severe loss of the body's cellular immunity, greatly lowering the resistance to infection and malignancy.30
4863912467Expansive Population Policiesgovernment policies that encourage large families.31
4863913874Eugenic Population PoliciesGovernment policies designed to favor one racial sector over others.32
4863918518Restrictive Population Policiesgovernment policies to reduce the rate of natural increase33
4863920083One-child PolicyThe one-child policy was a policy implemented by the Chinese government as a method of controlling the population. The one-child policy was introduced in 1979 in response to an explosive population growth, and mandated that couples from China's Han majority could only have one child.34

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