Terms : Hide Images
| 16638411 | neuron | cell that carries messages throughout the nervous system | |
| 16638412 | cell body | largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus and much of the cytoplasm | |
| 16638413 | dendrite | extension of the cell body of a neuron that carries impulses from the enevironment or from other neurons toward the cell body | |
| 16638414 | axon | long fiber that carries impulses away from the cell body of a neuron | |
| 16638415 | synapse | location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell | |
| 16638416 | cerebrum | area of the brain responsible for all of the voluntary activities of the body | |
| 16638417 | brain stem | structure that connects the brain and spinal cord; includes the medulla oblongata and the pons | |
| 16638418 | thalamus | brain structure that receives messages from the sense organs and relays the information to the proper region of the cerebrum for further processing | |
| 16638419 | bone marrow | soft tissue inside the cavities within bones | |
| 16638420 | cartilage | strong connective tissue that supports the body and is softer and more flexible than bone | |
| 16638421 | ligaments | strip of tough connective tissue that holds bones together at a joint | |
| 16638422 | tendons | tough connective tissue that joins skeletal muscles to bones | |
| 16638423 | atrium | upper chamber of the heart that receives and holds blood that is about to enter the ventricle | |
| 16638424 | ventricle | lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart | |
| 16638425 | pulmonary circulation | pathway of circulation between the heart and the lungs | |
| 16638426 | systemic circulation | pathway of circulation between the heart and the rest of the body except the lungs | |
| 16638427 | valve | flap of connective tissue between an atrium and a ventricle, or in a vein, that prevents backflow of blood | |
| 16638428 | pacemaker | small group of cardiac muscle cells in the right atrium that "set the pace" for the heart as a whole; also known as the sinoatrial node | |
| 16638429 | aorta | large blood vessel in mammals through which blood travels after it leaves the left ventricle | |
| 16638430 | artery | large blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the tissues of the body | |
| 16638431 | capillary | smallest blood vessel; brings nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and absorbs carbon dioxide and waste products | |
| 16638432 | vein | in animals, a blood vessel that returns blood to the heart | |
| 16638433 | plasma | straw-colored fluid that makes up about 55% of blood | |
| 16638434 | hemoglobin | iron-containing protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body | |
| 16638435 | platelets | cell fragment released by bone marrow that helps in blood clotting | |
| 16638436 | pharynx | muscular tube at the end if the gastrovascular cavity, or throat, that connects the mouth with the rest of the digestive tract and serves as a passageway for air and food | |
| 16638437 | trachea | windpipe; tube through which air moves | |
| 16638438 | larynx | structure in the throat containing the vocal cords | |
| 16638439 | bronchus | passageway leading from the trachea to a lung | |
| 16638440 | alveolus | tiny air sac at the end of a bronchiole in the lungs that provides surface area for gas exchange to occur | |
| 16638441 | esophagus | food tube connecting the mouth to the stomach | |
| 16638442 | peristalsis | rhythmic muscular contractions that squeeze food through the esophagus into the stomach | |
| 16638443 | small intestine | digestive organ in which most chemical digestion takes place | |
| 16638444 | pancreas | gland that produces hormones that regulate blood sugar; produces enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids; and produces sodium bicarbonate, a base that neutralizes stomach acid | |
| 16638445 | liver | large organ just above the stomach that produces bile | |
| 16638446 | large intestine | colon; organ that removes water from the undigested materials that pass through it | |
| 16638447 | kidney | organ that removes urea, excess water and other waste products from the blood | |
| 16638448 | nephron | blood-filtering unit in the renal cortex of the kidney | |
| 16638449 | urethra | tube that carries urine from the bladder and releases it from the body | |
| 16638450 | exocrine glands | gland that releases its secretions through tubelike structures called ducts | |
| 16638451 | endocrine glands | gland that releases its secretions directly into the bloodstream | |
| 16638452 | pituitary gland | gland in the base of the skull that secretes nine hormones that directly regulate many body functions and control the actions of several other endocrine glands | |
| 25731882 | myocardium | thick middle muscle layer of the heart; pumps blood through the circulatory system | |
| 25731883 | hypothalmus | brain structure that acts as a control center for recognition and analysis of hunger, thirst, fatigue, anger and body temperature |
