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Rise of Islam Flashcards

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237547669Religoninstrument of politics0
237547670Meccaachieved prosperity rapidly1
237547671Muhammad's revelationswritten originally on leather and bone2
237547672Shi'itestransformed from a political movement to a religious sect due to Husayn's martyrdom3
237547673Ulamawell-educated scholars4
237547674Crusaderspolitical pawns, and had respect for Muslims5
237547675HierarchyIslam escaped the _____ of Christianity6
237547676Sunnatradition7
237547677Muhammadreceived revelations from the angel gabriel, a prophet8
237547678Ka'balocated in Mecca, cubical shrine9
237547679Abrahamthe first muslim10
237547680UmmaMuslim community11
237547681AbbasidThe ____ caliphate was responsible for the golden age of the Muslims12
237547682Fatamidestablished control over egypt13
237547683MeccaMuhammad was born here14
237547684SeljukThe___ Turks who ruled much of the middle east15
237547685Sufi Brotherhoodsmystic groups16
237547686Judaism and Christianitywere considered negligent religions17
237547687Medinarefuge place for early Muslims18
237547688single godMuslims had faith in a supreme and __.19
237547689hadithsupplemented the Quran, added material on legal issues not covered20
237547690paper makingan invention that fostered the spread of Islam21
237547691Arabsgroup of people who were more farmers than nomads22
237547692southern pastoralistsisolated from Arabic civilization and related more closely with the Africans, Indians, and Persians23
237547693MeccaW. Arabian caravan city24
237547694Muhammadprophet of god, founder of Islam25
237547695mysticismArabic religion before Islam26
237547696hijrathe flight of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina to escape persecution a.d. 622: regarded as the beginning of the Muslim Era.27
237547697MuslimA follower of Islam, means "one who has submitted"28
237547698Islamthe religion based on the revelations of the prophet Muhammad; means "submission to the will of God."29
237547699QuranIslam's holy book. (Similar to the bible and Torah)30
237547700Abu BakarIn 632 _______ became the "chosen" successor to Muhammad. He claimed the title of 1st caliph or deputy.31
237547701faith, prayer, alms, fasting, pilgrimage5 Pillars of Islam32
237547702SunnisMuslims belonging to branch of Islam believing that the community should select its own leadership. The majority religion in most Islamic countries.33
237547703Shi'itesMuslims belonging to the branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. The state religion of Iran.34
237547704Umayyad Caliphatefirst hereditary dynasty of Muslim caliphs35
237547705Umarconquered Syria and Egypt and defeated the Sasanid shah36
237547706coherent movementno____ ____ to force the religion of Islam onto conquered peoples37
237547707secularcaliphs were primarily ___38
237547708Fall of the Umayyadattacks from the Shi'ites and Kharijites39
237547709Kharijitesthis group rejected the caliphs, they believed only a Muslim free of sin could lead.40
237547710cosmopolitanwhen more foreigners became Muslim, the empire became more ___.41
237547711refinedculture in the Abbasid empire was __.42
237547712expanse of the empiremade ruling difficult43
237547713mamluksUnder the Islamic system of military slavery, Turkish military slaves who formed an important part of the armed forces of the Abbasid Caliphate of the ninth and tenth centuries.44
237547714Samarranew capital of the empire45
237547715Samanidone of several Iranian states to acheive independence46
237547716Berber revoltscreated Iranian city states47
237547717GhanaFirst known kingdom in sub-Saharan West Africa known as the Land of Gold, peacfully converted to Islam48
237547718Fatamid CaliphateAn independant Muslim state that sprang up in the Abbasid caliphate. The caliphate began in North Africa and spread across the Red Sea to Western Arabia and Syria.49
237547719Umayyad Spaindeveloped a distinctive Islamic culture blending Roman, Germanic, and Jewish traditions with the Arabs and Berbers50
237547720Shari'alaw of islam51

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