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SA AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards

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13984543114Absolutea word free from limitations or qualifications like always or never0
13984543115Adagea familiar proverb or wise saying1
13984543116Ad hominem argumentargument attacking an individual's character rather than his position2
13984543117Allegoryliterary works in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions3
13984543119Allusionan indirect reference to something literary, mythological, or historical4
13984543120Analogya comparison of two different things that are similar in some way5
13984543121Anaphorathe repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of consecutive lines or sentences6
13984543122Anecdotea brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event7
13984543123Antecedentthe word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers8
13984543124Antithesisthe opposite of9
13984543125Aphorisma concise statement that expresses succinctly a general truth or idea. Typically rhymes.10
13984543126Apostrophespeaking to an absent or imaginary person or an inanimate object11
13984543127Archetypea detail, image, or character type that occurs frequently in literature and appeals in a universal way12
13984543128Argumenta statement of meaning or main point of a literary work13
13984543130Pathosappeal to emotion intended to evoke pity14
13984543131Chiasmusa statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed15
13984543132Clichean expression that has been overused to the extent that its freshness has worn off16
13984543229Climaxthe point of highest interest in a literary work17
13984543133Colloquialisminformal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing18
13984543134Complex sentencea sentence with one independent and one dependent clause19
13984543135Compound sentencetwo independent clauses combined with a conjunction20
13984543136Conceita fanciful, particularly clever extended metaphor21
13984543137Concrete detaildetails that are measurable and specific22
13984543138Connotationthe implied or associative meaning of a word23
13984543140Declarative sentencea sentence that makes a statement or declaration24
13984543141Deductive reasoningreasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case25
13984543142Denotationthe literal meaning of a word26
13984543143Dialecta variety of speech characterized by its own particular grammar or pronunciation27
13984543144Dialogueconversation between two or more people28
13984543145Dictionthe word choices made by a writer29
13984543146Didactichaving the primary purpose of teaching or instructing30
13984543147Dilemmasituation that requires a decision between equally attractive or unattractive alternatives31
13984543148Dissonancetwo or more things or ideas that just don't belong together32
13984543150Ellipsesthe omission of a word or phrase that is grammatically necessary but can be deduced from the context33
13984543151Epiphanya moment of sudden revelation or insight34
13984543154Epitheta compound adjective used to point out a characteristic of a person35
13984543155Ethosan appeal to credibility or character or togetherness.36
13984543156Eulogya formal speech praising a person who has died37
13984543157Euphemisman indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant38
13984543158Exclamatory sentencea sentence expressing strong feeling39
13984543159Expletivean interjection to lend emphasis, sometimes a profanity (cuss words)40
13984543161Figurative languagelanguage employing one or more figures of speech41
13984543162First PersonA point of view that includes the speaker, i.e. I, me, my, we, us, our, etc42
13984543163Genrea major category or type of literature43
13984543164Homilya sermon, or a moralistic lecture44
13984543165Hubrisexcessive pride or arrogance45
13984543166Hyperboleintentional exaggeration to create an effect46
13984543167Hypothetical question/ Rhetorical questiona question that raises a conjecture, or supposition47
13984543168Idioman expression in a given language that cannot be understood from the literal meaning of the words48
13984543169Imagerythe use of figures of speech to create vivid images that appeal to one of the senses49
13984543170Implicationa suggestion an author or speaker makes without stating it directly50
13984543171Inductive reasoningthe main point appears at the end51
13984543172Inferencea conclusion one draws based on premises or evidence52
13984543173Invectivean intensely vehement, highly emotional verbal attack53
13984543174Ironyan unexpected and unlikely outcome54
13984543175Jargonthe specialized language or vocabulary of a particular group or profession55
13984543176Juxtapositionplacing two elements side by side to present a comparison or contrast56
13984543178LogosAn appeal to logic57
13984543180Maxima concise statement, often offering advice; an adage58
13984543181Metaphora direct comparison of two different things59
13984543182Metonymytaking the part for the whole, but not literally60
13984543183Moodthe emotional atmosphere of a work61
13984543184Mytha traditional story presenting supernatural characters and episodes that help explain natural events62
13984543185Narrativea story or narrated account63
13984543186Narratorthe one who tells the story64
13984543187Non sequituran inference that does not follow logically from the premises65
13984543188Onomatopoeiaa word formed from the imitation of natural sounds66
13984543189Oxymoronan expression in which two words that contradict each other are joined67
13984543190Parablea simple story that illustrates a moral or religious lesson68
13984543191Paradoxan apparently contradictory statement that actually contains some truth69
13984543192Parallelismthe use of corresponding grammatical or syntactical forms70
13984543193Paraphrasea restatement of a text in a different form or in different words71
13984543194Parodya humorous imitation of a serious work72
13984543195Parentheticala comment that interrupts the immediate subject, often to qualify or explain and uses parentheses to do so73
13984543196Pathosan appeal to emotion74
13984543197Pedanticcharacterized by an excessive display of learning or scholarship coming from a place of assumed authority or superiority75
13984543198Personificationendowing non-human objects or creatures with human qualities76
13984543202Puna play on words achieved through words with similar sounds but different meanings77
13984543204Rhetoricthe art of presenting ideas in a clear, effective, and persuasive manner78
13984543205Rhetorical Questiona question asked merely for effect and not requiring an answer79
13984543206Rhetorical Devicesliterary techniques used to heighten the effectiveness of expression80
13984543207Sarcasmharsh, cutting language or tone intended to ridicule81
13984543208Satirethe use of humor, exaggeration or derision to emphasize human weaknesses or imperfections82
13984543209Scapegoata person or group that bears the blame for another83
13984543211Settingthe time, place, and environment in which action takes place84
13984543212Similea comparison of two things using "like" or "as"85
13984543213Simple sentencea sentence consisting of one independent clause86
13984543216Syllogisma three-part deductive argument87
13984543217Symbolan object that is used to represent something else88
13984543218Synecdochepart for the whole, literally "Nice threads"--threads stands in for clothing, and thread is literally part of clothing, so part for the whole, literally.89
13984543219Synesthesiadescribing one kind of sensation in terms of another90
13984543220Syntaxthe manner in which words are arranged into sentences91
13984543221Tautologyproviding useless clarification--dead corpse, male boy, wet water, etc.92
13984543222Telegraphic SentenceA very short sentence, usually no more than four words long93
13984543223Themea central idea of a work94
13984543224Third PersonPoint of view not involving the speaker. He, She, her, him, they, etc.95
13984543225Tonethe attitude of a writer toward the subject or audience96
13984543226Triteoverused and hackneyed, meaning it's become an annoying cliche97
13984543227Understatementa deliberate under-emphasis98
13984656301Artificedeception; trickery99
13984690066Stereotypea generalized (sometimes accurate but often overgeneralized) belief about a group of people100
13984711236objectiveFactual, related to reality or physical objects; not influenced by emotions, unbiased101
13984719602Subjectivebased on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions102
13984728163appeal to false authorityThis fallacy occurs when someone who has no expertise to speak on an issue is cited as an authority.103
13984738329Achaic dictionOld-fashioned or outdated choice of words104
13984748180contextThe circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text.105
13984756578Counterargumentan argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument.106
13984777629Hasty GeneralizationA fallacy in which a faulty conclusion is reached because of inadequate evidence.107
13984784351PersonaGreek for "mask." The face or character that a speaker shows to his or her audience.108
13984789256qualifiera word or phrase that clarifies, modifies, or limits the meaning of another word or phrase109
13984797884RefutationThe part of an argument wherein a speaker or writer anticipates and counters opposing points of view.110
13984805207SyntaxSentence structure111
13984813003WitThe use of humor, laughter or irony in the confirmation or refutation of an argument.112
13984829350Awesomeinspiring awe or admiration or wonder (aka YOU).113

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