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| 13206776616 | chemical weathering | the breakdown of rocks and minerals by chemical reactions, the dissolving of chemical elements from rocks, or both | 0 | |
| 13206779363 | acid precipitation | Conversion of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to acids that return to Earth as rain, snow, or fog | 1 | |
| 13206780781 | physical weathering | Any process that breaks rock down into smaller pieces without changing the chemistry of the rock; typically wind and water. | 2 | |
| 13206782788 | Erosion | The process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another | 3 | |
| 13206786775 | parent material | the rock material from which the inorganic components of a soil are derived | 4 | |
| 13206790091 | soil degradation | The loss of some or all of a soil's ability to support plant growth | 5 | |
| 13206793131 | soil horizon | a layer of soil that has identifiable characteristics produced by chemical weathering and other soil-forming processes | 6 | |
| 13206796024 | O horizon | The organic horizon at the surface of many soils, composed of organic detritus in various stages of decomposition | 7 | |
| 13206798305 | A Horizon | the top layer of soil, a zone of organic material and minerals that have been mixed together - also known as topsoil | 8 | |
| 13206804984 | E horizon | The zone of leaching that forms under the O horizon or, less often, the A horizon. | 9 | |
| 13206806884 | B horizon | A soil horizon composed primarily of mineral material with very little organic matter | 10 | |
| 13206809385 | C horizon | The least-weathered soil horizon, which always occurs beneath the B horizon and is similar to the parent material. | 11 | |
| 13206813197 | cation exchange capacity | the ability of a particular soil to absorb and release cations | 12 | |
| 13206815537 | base saturation | the proportion of soil bases to soil acids, expressed as a percentage | 13 | |
| 13206825548 | Undernutrition | The condition in which not enough calories are ingested to maintain health | 14 | |
| 13206828313 | malnourished | Having a diet that lacks the correct balance of proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals. | 15 | |
| 13206828314 | food security | A condition in which people have access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs for an active and healthy life. | 16 | |
| 13206832385 | Food insecurity | a condition in which people do not have adequate access to food | 17 | |
| 13206836985 | famine | The condition in which food insecurity is so extreme that large numbers of deaths occur in a given area over a relatively short period. | 18 | |
| 13206838945 | anemia | a deficiency of red blood cells | 19 | |
| 13206841604 | Overnutrition | Ingestion of too many calories and improper foods. | 20 | |
| 13206844904 | industrial agriculture | Agriculture that applies the techniques of mechanization and standardization | 21 | |
| 13206846428 | energy subsidy | the fossil fuel energy and human energy input per calorie of food produced | 22 | |
| 13206848845 | Green Revolution | A shift in agricultural practices in the twentieth century that included new management techniques, mechanization, fertilization, irrigation, and improved crop varieties, and resulted in increased food output | 23 | |
| 13206851374 | economies of scale | The observation that average costs of production fall as output increases. | 24 | |
| 13206854625 | Waterlogging | A form of soil degradation that occurs when soil remains under water for prolonged periods. | 25 | |
| 13206858210 | organic fertilizer | fertilizer composed of organic matter from plants and animals | 26 | |
| 13206860106 | synthetic fertilizer | Fertilizer produced commercially, normally with the use of fossil fuels | 27 | |
| 13206866253 | Monocropping | An agricultural method that utilizes large plantings of a single species or variety | 28 | |
| 13206866254 | pesticide | a substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals. | 29 | |
| 13206868645 | insecticide | a pesticide that targets species of insects and other invertebrates that consume crops | 30 | |
| 13206872187 | herbicide | A pesticide that targets plant species that compete with crops. | 31 | |
| 13206873792 | broad-spectrum pesticide | a pesticide that kills a variety of organisms, including beneficial organisms, in addition to the target pest | 32 | |
| 13206875658 | Selective pesticide | a pesticide that targets a narrow range of organisms | 33 | |
| 13206877541 | Persistent pesticide | A pesticide that remains in the environment for a long time. | 34 | |
| 13206888911 | pesticide resistance | a trait possessed by certain individuals that are exposed to a pesticide and survive | 35 | |
| 13206890450 | pesticide treadmill | A cycle of pesticide development, followed by pest resistance, followed by new pesticide development | 36 | |
| 13206893199 | CAFOs | Concentrated animal feeding operations- large structures where animals are being raised in high density numbers | 37 | |
| 13206893200 | fishery | a commercially harvestable population of fish within a particular ecological region | 38 | |
| 13206895556 | fishery collapse | the decline of a fish population by 90% or more | 39 | |
| 13206897010 | Bycatch | The unintentional catch of nontarget species while fishing | 40 | |
| 13206899881 | shifting agriculture | An agricultural method in which land is cleared and used for a few years until the soil is depleted of nutrients. | 41 | |
| 13206899882 | Desertification | the transformation of arable, productive land to desert or unproductive land due to climate change or destructive land use | 42 | |
| 13206902014 | nomadic grazing | Feeding herds of animals by moving them to seasonally productive feeding grounds, often over long distances | 43 | |
| 13206904312 | sustainable agriculture | Agriculture that fulfills the need for food and fiber while enhancing the quality of the soil, minimizing the use of nonrenewable resources, and allowing economic viability for the farmer. | 44 | |
| 13206906558 | Intercropping | An agricultural method in which two or more crop species are planted in the same field at the same time to promote a synergistic interaction. | 45 | |
| 13206908371 | crop rotation | An agricultural technique in which crop species in a field are alternated from season to season. | 46 | |
| 13206910937 | Agroforestry | An agricultural technique in which trees and vegetables are intercropped | 47 | |
| 13206912928 | contour plowing | An agricultural technique in which plowing and harvesting are done parallel to the topographic contours of the land | 48 | |
| 13206918161 | Perennial plants | Live for multiple years so there is no need to plow fields each year for replanting | 49 | |
| 13206918162 | Annual plants | Plants that live for only one year | 50 | |
| 13206920196 | no-till agriculture | An agricultural method in which farmers do not turn the soil between seasons, used as a means of reducing erosion | 51 | |
| 13206922049 | Integrated Pest Management (IPM) | An agricultural practice that uses a variety of techniques designed to minimize pesticide inputs | 52 | |
| 13206925441 | organic agriculture | Approach to farming and ranching that avoids the use of herbicides, pesticides, growth hormones, and other similar synthetic inputs. | 53 | |
| 13206928112 | individual transferable quotas | A fishery management program in which individual fishers are given a total allowable catch of fish in a season that they can either catch or sell. | 54 | |
| 13206930071 | Aquaculture | Farming aquatic organisms such as fish, shellfish, and seaweeds. | 55 |
