Terms : Hide Images
| 9110465764 | Middle Ages | The post-classical period in Western Europe that existed between the fall of Rome and the 15th century | 0 | |
| 9110465765 | Vikings | Seagoing Scandinavian raiders from Sweden, Denmark, and Norway who disrupted coastal areas of Western Europe from the 8th to 11th centuries | 1 | |
| 9110465766 | manorialism | System that described economic and political relations between landlords and their peasant laborers during the Middle Ages | 2 | |
| 9110465767 | serfs | Peasant agricultural laborers within the manorial system of the Middle Ages | 3 | |
| 9110465768 | moldboard | Heavy plow introduced in Northern Europe in the Middle Ages; permitted deeper cultivation of heavier soils | 4 | |
| 9110465769 | three-field system | System of agricultural cultivation in the 9th century in Western Europe in which a third of the land was left unplanted each year to regain fertility | 5 | |
| 9110465770 | Clovis | Early Frankish king; converted Franks to Christianity; allowed establishment of Frankish kingdom | 6 | |
| 9110465771 | Carolingians | Royal house of Franks after the 8th century until their replacement in the 10th century | 7 | |
| 9110465772 | Charles Martel | Carolingian monarch of Franks; responsible for defeating Muslims in battle of Tours; ended Muslim threat to Western Europe | 8 | |
| 9110465773 | Charlemagne | Carolingian monarch who established a substantial empire in France and Germany | 9 | |
| 9110465774 | vassals | Lesser lords in the feudal system | 10 | |
| 9110465775 | William the Conqueror | Invaded England from Normandy; extended tight feudal system to England; established administrative system based on sheriffs; established centralized monarchy | 11 | |
| 9110465776 | Magna Carta | Great Charter issued by King John of England in 1215; confirmed feudal rights against monarchical claims; represented principle of mutual limits and obligations between rulers and feudal aristocracy | 12 | |
| 9110465777 | Hundred Years War | Conflict between England and France; fought over lands England possessed in France and feudal rights versus the emerging claims of national states | 13 | |
| 9110465778 | Urban II | Called First Crusade; appealed to Christians to mount military assault to free the Holy Land from the Muslims | 14 | |
| 9110465779 | Gregory VII | Reform-minded pope who tried to purify the church and free it from interference by feudal lords | 15 | |
| 9110465780 | Peter Abelard | Author of Yes and No; university scholar who applied logic to problems of theology; demonstrated logical contradictions within established doctrine | 16 | |
| 9110465781 | Bernard of Clairvaux | A powerful monk who challenged the ideas of Abelard; stressed the importance of mystical union with God | 17 | |
| 9110465782 | Thomas Aquinas | An Italian monk and scholar who taught at the University of Paris | 18 | |
| 9110465783 | scholasticism | The dominant medieval philosophical approach | 19 | |
| 9110465784 | Hanseatic League | Commercial alliance between northern Germany and southern Scandinavia | 20 | |
| 9110465785 | guilds | Sworn associations of people in the same business or craft in a single city | 21 | |
| 9110465786 | Saint Godric | 12th century Englishman who left the material life and went to Rome to lead a life centered around Christianity | 22 | |
| 9110465787 | Benedict of Nursia | 6th century Italian who spread the most important monastic rules, the Benedictine monasteries | 23 | |
| 9110465788 | Roger Bacon | Oxford clergy member who experimented with the study of optics and later invented the eyeglasses | 24 | |
| 9110465789 | Raoul de Cambrai | Hero of a French epic that set fire to a convent of nuns during lent and justified his actions by saying the nuns deserved it because they were making fun of his soldiers | 25 | |
| 9110465790 | Geoffrey Chaucer | Writer of the Canterbury Tales | 26 | |
| 9110465791 | Jacques Coeur | One of Europe's most successful merchants that moved his way up to the position of financial advisor for the king of France; was eventually banished from France for selling weapons to Muslims | 27 |
