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Tissues Flashcards

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6922371791tissuegroups of cells that have specialized structural and functional roles0
6922373542epithelial tissuecovers organs, lines the inside of body cavities and hollow organs1
6922379013basement membranethin, nonliving layer that attaches epithelial tissue to connective tissue2
6922385316simple squamous epitheliumsingle layer of thin, flattened cells that fit tightly together with broad, thin nuclei3
6922397488simple cuboidal epitheliumsingle layer of cube-shaped cells with central, spherical nuclei4
6922416060simple columnar epitheliumsingle layer of elongated cells with nuclei located near the basement membrane5
6922423525pseudostratified columnar epitheliumsingle layer of elongated cells that appear stratified because their nuclei are at two or more levels in the rows of cells6
6922436046stratified squamous epitheliummany layers of flattened cells7
6922446760stratified cuboidal epitheliumtwo or three layers of cuboidal cells that form the lining of a lumen (space within a tubular structure) providing greater protection8
6922459095stratified columnar epitheliumseveral layers of elongated cells9
6922463689transitional epitheliumspecialized to change in response to increased tension10
6922471029glandular epitheliumcells that are specialized to produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids11
6922476498exocrine glandglands that secrete products into ducts that open onto some internal or external surface12
6922480413endocrine glandglands that secrete their products into tissue fluid or blood13
6922485061merocrine glandglands that release watery, protein-rich fluids by exocytosis14
6922487788apocrine glandglands that lose small portions of their glandular cell bodies during secretion15
6922491189holocrine glandglands in which the entire cell lyses during secretion16
6922500447connective tissuetissues that bind structures, provide support and protection, serve as frameworks, fill spaces, protect against infection, produce blood cells, and repair tissue damage17
6922525759matrixintercellular material consisting of fibers and a ground substance whose consistency varies from fluid to semisolid to solid18
6922531869fibroblastlarge, star-shaped fixed cell that produces fibers by secreting proteins into the matrix19
6922537138macrophagesoriginate as white blood cells; specialized to carry on phagocytosis; function as a scavenger and defensive cell that clears foreign particles from tissue20
6922543217mast celllarge cell that releases heparin to prevent blood clotting and histamine that promotes reactions associated with inflammation and allergies21
6922550423collagenous fiberthick threads of collage grouped in long, parallel bundles; flexible but only slightly elastic with great tensile strength22
6922556048ligamentcollagenous fiber that connects bone to bone23
6922558603tendoncollagenous fiber that connects muscle to bone24
6922560239elastic fibercomposed of elastin protein; thin, branching fibers that form complex networks; stretch easily and can resume original shape25
6922570367reticular fibervery thin collagenous fibers that are highly branched and form delicate support networks26
6922579841areolar tissuedelicate, thin membranes made mostly of fibroblasts27
6922586697adipose tissuespecialized form of connective tissue that develops when certain cells store fat in their cytoplasm and enlarge28
6922601488dense connective tissuemany closely packed, thick, collagenous fibers and a fine network of elastic fibers; mostly fibroblasts29
6922606290cartilagerigid connective tissue that provides support, frameworks, and attachments, protects underlying tissues, and forms structural models for developing bones30
6922610859chondrocytescartilage cells31
6922620668hyaline cartilagevery fine collagenous fibers in its matrix; found on the ends of bones, soft part of nose, supporting rings of respiratory passages32
6922628798elastic cartilagedense network of elastic fibers; provides framework for external ears and larynx33
6922634917fibrocartilagevery tough tissue with many collagenous fibers; shock absorber for vertebrae, knees, pelvic girdle34
6922641936bonemost rigid connective tissue that contains mineral salts (calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate); great amounts of collagen; supports body structures and protects visceral organs, forms red blood cells, stores inorganic chemicals35
6922652323osteocytebone cells that are located in lacunae (hollow cavity)36
6922661063lamellaethin layers of bone matrix37
6922663404osteonic canaltiny longitudinal tubes of bone matrix38
6922682875osteoncylinder-shaped unit; many of these units cemented together forms a bone39
6922704454bloodtransports materials between interior body cells and those that exchange substances with the external environment40
6922710966muscle tissuescontractile tissues that can elongate and shorten to move body parts41
6922714166skeletal muscle tissuelong, threadlike cells with light and dark striations and many nuclei located just below the cell membrane; found in muscles that attach to bones and can be controlled by conscious thought42
6922718592smooth muscle tissuespindle-shaped cells with a single, central nucleus that lack striations; actions are involuntary43
6922731675cardiac muscle tissuestriated cells joined end-to-end at intercalated discs; found only in the heart44
6922742446nervous tissuetissue found in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves45
6922745074neuronsnerve cell; sense changes in their surroundings and respond by transmitting impulses along cytoplasmic extensions to other neurons, muscles, or glands46
6922753755neuroglial cellscells that support and bind the components of nervous tissue, carry on phagocytosis, and supply nutrients to neurons by connecting them to blood vessels47

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