Terms : Hide Images
| 430874324 | Atmospheric Brown Cloud (ABC) | 1-3km thick pollution cloud over south and central Asia, high in black carbon and soot from burning & combustion ozone and acid rain, major dimming, reduction in rainfall | |
| 430874325 | Temperature inversion | high pressure air sits above cool surface air trapping it keeps pollution from dissipating as warm as usually rises | |
| 430874326 | VOC | volatile organic compounds | |
| 430874327 | hydroxyl radical | cleansing agent that oxidizes many gaseous pollutants to products that are harmless or can be brought down to ground water | |
| 430874328 | sea salts | cleansing agent from ocean spray - act as nuclei for raindrops, rain brings down other pollutants | |
| 430874329 | industrial smog | combination of smoke and fog concentrated in areas where coal in primary energy, mostly in winter | |
| 430874330 | photochemical smog | brownish smog from automobile exhausts (NOx and VOCs) is acted on by sunlight, appears during sunny times | |
| 430874331 | primary pollutants | direct products of combustion and evaporation particulates, VOCs, CO, NOx, SO2, lead and air toxics | |
| 430874332 | secondary pollutants | products of reactions form primary pollutants ozone, peroxyayacetyl nitrates, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid | |
| 430874333 | coal | source of most SO2 emissions and heavy metals like mercury | |
| 430874334 | Clearinghouse for Inventories and Emissions Factors | EPA tracks trend in national emissions of primary pollutants through the _____________. | |
| 430874335 | ambient concentrations | EPA measures air quality in _____________. | |
| 430874336 | Clean Air Act | 1970, set ambient standards to protect environment and human health, command and control | |
| 430874337 | photochemical oxidants | ozone and PANs formed form chemical rxns between nitrogen oxides and volatile organic carbons | |
| 430874338 | peroxyacytel nitrates | (PANs) damage plants and forests, irritants mucous membranes | |
| 430874339 | ozone | O3 toxic to animals and plants, causes crop damage (in through stomata), levels in Appalachian forest are high, from industry, dry cleaners, print shops | |
| 430874340 | tenfold | difference between pH 1 and pH 2 is ______. | |
| 430874341 | acid deposition | SO2 and NOx are oxidized by OH radicals to acids which dissolve in rain water H2SO4:HNO3 = 2:1 in rain | |
| 430874342 | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | COPD, progressive lung disease, emphysema, bronchitis and asthma | |
| 430874343 | carcinogens | air toxic pollutants like benzene (tobacco smoke) are _______. | |
| 430874344 | regional haze rule | 1999 EPA established goals to increase visibility especially in wilderness and NP | |
| 430874345 | neutralizer | limestone is a ___________ for acid rain, lakes | |
| 430874346 | National Ambient Air Quality Standards | NAAQS set primary standards for particulates, SO2, NOx and CO: based on presumed tolerance minus 10-50% safety margin | |
| 430874347 | ozone shield | stratospheric layer that absorbs majority of UV radiation, thinned by CFCs (catalyst) |
