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| 8228512987 | Who consolidated their power and began forming nation-sates in the late medieval period? | European Monarchies | 0 | |
| 8228529898 | States | independent countries/political units | 1 | |
| 8228537680 | nation | a group of people who share a common heritage and culture | 2 | |
| 8228550387 | nation-states | independent countries with people who share a common heritage and culture | 3 | |
| 8228566950 | For centuries who is England invaded by? | Germanic Tribes | 4 | |
| 8228574090 | Who is Alfred the Great | Unites Angles and saxons from forming England (land of the tribes) | 5 | |
| 8228599385 | Who is Edward the confessor? | A descendent of Alfred and leaves no heirs. | 6 | |
| 8228608249 | Who is William the conqueror? | Leader of Norman conquest unites most of England during the Battle of Hasting in 1066 | 7 | |
| 8228633240 | Who Henry II? | strengthens the royal courts and helps create the body of common law | 8 | |
| 8228675690 | Who is king John? | Loses most of his French lands a forced to signed the Magna Carta (1215) limiting the kings' power | 9 | |
| 8228702972 | Who is king Edward I? | Summons the first parliament of nobles and commoners | 10 | |
| 8228714028 | What is the Hugh Capet? | Establishes the French throne in Paris, and the Capetian dynasty gradually expands their control over most of France | 11 | |
| 8228747551 | Who is King Phillip II? | Regains land from land from England, triples the land under his control, and established central government of France | 12 | |
| 8228773251 | What does Phillip IV include? | The third estate in the meeting of the estates general, which helps increase royal power. | 13 | |
| 8228790785 | Who sets rule of the king above papal rule? | Phillip IV | 14 | |
| 8228796723 | What challenged the church authority? | The great Schism | 15 | |
| 8228812496 | What happens to scholars who criticize Church excesses? | The dealt with harshly | 16 | |
| 8228821783 | Who is John Wycliffe | Christ is head of Church and bible alone was the final authority for Christian life; English translations of the Bible. | 17 | |
| 8228843196 | Who is Jan Hus? | Bohemian professor burned at the stake for teaching Bible as ultimate authority. | 18 | |
| 8228872399 | What happened in the 14th century? | The Black Death (bubonic plague) decimated the population if Asia and then Europe. | 19 | |
| 8228896744 | Where does the Bubonic Plague start? | Asia and then sweeps across Europe killing 1/4 of the population. | 20 | |
| 8228916483 | What happens every few years with the plague? | It further reduces population and disrupts society. | 21 | |
| 8228931562 | What does scarcity of labor do? | Breaks down the manorial system and towns are freed from feudal obligations | 22 | |
| 8228972774 | What did the people do with the church? | They became disillusioned with the church pessimistic about the future, or preoccupied with pleasure | 23 | |
| 8228995815 | What three things did the plague do? | Decline in population Disrupts trade decline of church influence | 24 | |
| 8229010985 | What did the hundreds years war do? | Pits France against England in a struggle for land | 25 | |
| 8229023540 | What is the English long bow used for? | to defeat the French and spells the end of chivalrous warfare | 26 | |
| 8229050623 | What Joan of Arc become? | He becomes the unifying factors for France and leads France to victory although captured and executed by the English | 27 | |
| 8229095969 | The Hundred Years' War gives rise to _________ and _______ _______ as a nation, empowers French _______ and English ___________, and marks ________ of the _______ _______. | Nationalism, defines france, king, parliament, end, middle ages | 28 | |
| 8229145913 | What happened to Spain in medieval Europe? | It was divided into 4 areas. | 29 | |
| 8229154038 | What were the four areas of Spain called? | Portugal, Castile, and Aragon(christian) and Granada (Muslim Moors) | 30 | |
| 8229172515 | What did Ferdinad and Isabella do? | Unify the country as a Christian nation and expelled Jews and Moors (reconqusita) | 31 | |
| 8229185626 | What is established to suppress Heresy? | Inquistion | 32 | |
| 8229201381 | What happens to the Spanish Empire in the western hemisphere? | It is expanded under Charles V | 33 | |
| 8229211981 | Who is Ivan the great? | He threw off the rule the Mongols, centralized power in Moscow, and expanded the Russian nation | 34 | |
| 8229228059 | What happens in the hands of tsar? | Power was centralized | 35 | |
| 8229246402 | What did the Orthodox Church influence? | Unification | 36 | |
| 8229259625 | Who emerged onto the world scene at the beginning of the 1200's under Genghis Khan | The mongol armies | 37 | |
| 8229273776 | Who invaded russia, china, and Muslins states in Southwest Asia, destroying cities and countryside? | The mongol armies | 38 | |
| 8229288038 | Who created an empire that stretches from the Yellow Sea to the baltic and from the Himalayas to northern russia? | The mongol armies | 39 | |
| 8229297638 | What is the Eurasian steppe? | It is a vast grassland serving as a trade routes as a mature for nomads | 40 | |
| 8229309780 | Who are steppe nomads? | They are pastoralists who move in seasonal patterns and live in clans | 41 | |
| 8229319755 | Who do steppe nomads trade with? | Settled communities but also raid them | 42 | |
| 8229348023 | Mogol clans unite under who? | The leadership of Genghis Kahn (Temujn) and conquer central asia | 43 | |
| 8229361935 | Who is Genghis Kahn? | A brilliant organizer and strategist, uses new weapons, technology, and terror to overwhelm his enemies | 44 | |
| 8229388829 | What does the mogol conquest create? | The largest land empire yet known. | 45 | |
| 8229396941 | What happened over time to the empire? | It was divided into four khanates | 46 | |
| 8229410594 | What do mongols do after conquering an area? | They would often adopt many aspects of the local culture | 47 | |
| 8229426873 | What does the period of mongol peace encourage? | Trade and cultural exchange between Europe and asia. | 48 | |
| 8229449632 | Who was education largely confined to? | Clergy | 49 | |
| 8229453654 | What was uneducated? | The masses | 50 | |
| 8229462613 | What was the nobility concerned about? | Fedual obligations | 51 | |
| 8229479147 | What did church scholars do? | Preserved ancient literature in monasteries in the East and West | 52 | |
| 8229495131 | Were among the very few who could read and write? | Church Scholars | 53 | |
| 8229499206 | Worked in monasteries | Church scholars | 54 | |
| 8229505816 | Translated greek and arabic works into latin | Church scholars | 55 | |
| 8229515345 | Made new knowledge in Philosophy, medicine, and science available in Europe | Church Scholars | 56 | |
| 8229522018 | Laid in foundations for the rise of universities in Europe | Church scholars | 57 |
