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| 231751840 | 4 noble truths | 1. life contains suffering 2. cause of suffering 3. suffering can be "cured" 4. follow "middle way" (Eightfold Path) | 0 | |
| 231751841 | 8 fold path | To reach Nirvana 1. right views, 2. intention, 3. speech, 4. actions, 5. living, 6. effort, 7. mindfulness, 8. concentration | 1 | |
| 231751842 | Achaemenids | Dynasty ruling in Persia from Cyrus I to Darius III (553-330 BC). | 2 | |
| 231751843 | Alexander of Macedonia | 356-323 B.C. established the Hellenic Age (the fusion of Greek culture with the East). | 3 | |
| 231751844 | Analects | Collection of the ideas and teachings of Confucius | 4 | |
| 231751845 | Anatolia | a peninsula in southwestern Asia that forms the Asian part of Turkey | 5 | |
| 231751846 | Animism | the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls | 6 | |
| 231751847 | Ashoka | a ruler of the Mauryan Empire who converted to Buddhism | 7 | |
| 231751848 | Athens | the capital and largest city of Greece | 8 | |
| 231751849 | Bactria | The ancient region stretching from the Hindu Kush mountain range to the ancient Ganhara region of the Indian subcontinent. | 9 | |
| 231751850 | Brahma | the Creator | 10 | |
| 231751851 | Brahmin | any of several breeds of Indian cattle | 11 | |
| 231751852 | Buddha | founder of Buddhism | 12 | |
| 231751853 | Bureaucrat | an official of a bureaucracy | 13 | |
| 231751854 | Carthage | an ancient city state on the north African coast near modern Tunis | 14 | |
| 231751855 | Caste system | a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity | 15 | |
| 231751856 | Conscription | compulsory military service | 16 | |
| 231751857 | Constantine | Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians (280-337) | 17 | |
| 231751858 | Constantinople | Previously known as Byzantium, Constantine changed the name of the city and moved the capitol of the Roman Empire here from Rome. | 18 | |
| 231751859 | Consuls | chief executives elected to run the government in ancient Rome | 19 | |
| 231751860 | Cyrus | King of Persians; expanded the Persian Empire from Afghanistan to the Aegean Sea | 20 | |
| 231751861 | Daoism | philosophical system developed by of Lao-tzu and Chuang-tzu advocating a simple honest life and noninterference with the course of natural events | 21 | |
| 231751862 | Darius | The great king of Persia. He was able to become a king after a year of a civil war following the death of someone. He is responsible for the expansion of Persia. He made a province in western India and expanded Persia as far north as Macedonia | 22 | |
| 231751863 | Deforestation | the removal of trees | 23 | |
| 231751864 | Desertification | the gradual transformation of habitable land into desert | 24 | |
| 231751865 | Dharma | in Hinduism, the duties and obligations of each caste | 25 | |
| 231751866 | Diaspora | the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel | 26 | |
| 231751867 | Diplomacy | wisdom in the management of public affairs | 27 | |
| 231751868 | Eunuch | a man who has been castrated and is incapable of reproduction | 28 | |
| 231751869 | Filial Piety | Respect for parents | 29 | |
| 231751870 | Gaul | an ancient region of western Europe that included what is now northern Italy and France and Belgium and part of Germany and the Netherlands | 30 | |
| 231751871 | Han Wudi | The most important Han Emperor. Expanded the Empire in all directions. Created the Civil Service System. Established Public Schools. | 31 | |
| 231751872 | Hegemony | the domination of one state over its allies | 32 | |
| 231751873 | Huns | Nomadic people from Asia who attacked the Roman Empire. | 33 | |
| 231751874 | Jainism | religion founded in the 6th century BC as a revolt against Hinduism | 34 | |
| 231751875 | Jati | sub castes; were groups of people within each caste that worked together for one economic function | 35 | |
| 231751876 | Jesus | a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth | 36 | |
| 231751877 | Julius Ceasar | Roman general and dictator. He was murdered by a group of senators and his former friend Brutus who hoped to restore the normal running of the republic | 37 | |
| 231751878 | Legalism | In China, a political philosophy that emphasized the unruliness of human nature and justified state coercion and control. The Qin ruling class invoked it to validate the authoritarian nature of their regime. (p.52) | 38 | |
| 231751879 | Magi | The wise men from the East who brought gifts for the baby Jesus | 39 | |
| 231751880 | Monastic | a male religious living in a cloister and devoting himself to contemplation and prayer and work | 40 | |
| 231751881 | Monsoons | seasonal wind patterns that cause wet and dry seasons | 41 | |
| 231751882 | Octavian Agustus | The Roman ruler who began the "Pax Romana". | 42 | |
| 231751883 | Parthians | a native or inhabitant of Parthia | 43 | |
| 231751884 | Patricians | the wealthy class in Roman society; landowners | 44 | |
| 231751885 | Patronage | (politics) granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support | 45 | |
| 231751886 | Pax Romana | the Roman peace | 46 | |
| 231751887 | Plebeians | of the common people of ancient Rome | 47 | |
| 231751888 | Polis | City-state | 48 | |
| 231751889 | Punjab | a historical region on northwestern India and northern Pakistan | 49 | |
| 231751890 | Qanat | underground canal used in water systems of ancient Persians | 50 | |
| 231751891 | Reincarnation | a second or new birth | 51 | |
| 231751892 | Sanskrit | (Hinduism) an ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas and of Hinduism) | 52 | |
| 231751893 | Satrapies | the 20 states into which Darius divided the Persian Empire | 53 | |
| 231751894 | Seleucids | They controlled Persia after the death of Alexander. Their king was one of Alexander's generals. | 54 | |
| 231751895 | Senate | In ancient Rome, the supreme governing body, originally made up only of aristocrats. | 55 | |
| 231751896 | Shamanism | an animistic religion of northern Asia having the belief that the mediation between the visible and the spirit worlds is effected by shamans | 56 | |
| 231751897 | Siddartha Gautama | founder of Buddhism | 57 | |
| 231751898 | Sparta | Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves for agriculture, discouraged the arts | 58 | |
| 231751899 | Stoics | Hellenistic group of philosophers; emphasized inner moral independence cultivated by strict discipline of the body and personal bravery | 59 | |
| 231751900 | Tribute | something given or done as an expression of esteem | 60 | |
| 231751901 | Varna | a basic subdivision of humanity in the Hindu caste system | 61 | |
| 231751902 | Veneration | a profound emotion inspired by a deity | 62 | |
| 231751903 | Visigoths | Germanic tribe that was forced into the Roman Empire by the Huns | 63 | |
| 231751904 | Xerxes | son of Darius; became Persian king. He vowed revenge on the Athenians. He invaded Greece with 180,000 troops in 480 B.C. | 64 | |
| 231751905 | Xiongnu | A confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China. Chinese rulers tried a variety of defenses and stratagems to ward off these 'barbarians,' as they called them, and dispersed them in 1st Century. (168) | 65 |
