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Unit 2 Vocabulary Flashcards

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238547714Dhimmipeople of the book0
238547715JihadIslamic holy war1
238547716Jizyatax on non-muslims2
238547717KarbalaSite of the defeat and death of Husayn, the son of Ali.3
238547718Riddawars that followed Muhammad's death in 632; resulted in the deaths of rival prophets; restored unity under Islam4
238547719ummaMuslim religious community5
238547720WazirChief administrative official under the Abbasids6
238547721ZakatTax for charity; obligatory for all Muslims7
238547722al-Biruni11th-century scientist; calculated the specific weight of major minerals.8
238547723al-GhazaliBrilliant Islamic theologian; attempted to fuse Greek and Qur'anic traditions.9
238547724al-RaziClassified all matter as animal, vegetable, and mineral.10
238547725BuyidsPersian invaders of the 10th century; captured Baghdad and acted as sultans through Abbasid figureheads11
238547726Demakmost powerful of the trading states on the north coast of Java; converted to Islam and served as point of dissemination to other ports12
238547727Ibn KhaldunGreat Muslim historian; author of The Muqaddimah; sought to uncover persisting patterns in Muslim dynastic history.13
238547728KabirMuslim mystic during 15th century; played down the importance of ritual differences between Hinduism and Islam14
238547729MalaccaFlourishing trading city in Malaya; established a trading empire after the fall of Shrivijaya.15
238547730Satiwidow burning16
238547731UlamaIslamic religious scholars; pressed for a more conservative and restrictive theology; opposed to non-Islamic thinking.17
238547732BeninNigerian city-state formed by the Edo people during the 14th century; famous for its bronze art work.18
238547733GriotsProfessional oral historians who served as keepers of traditions and advisors to kings within the Mali Empire19
238547734Ibn BatutaMuslim traveler who described African societies and cultures. A sort of Muslim "Marco Polo"20
238547735JuulaMalinke merchants21
238547736Mwene Mutapatitle of a king in Great Zimbabwe22
238547737Nokcentral Nigerian culture23
238547738Sundanic statesStates trading to North Africa and Mixing Islamic and indigenous ways24
238547739TimbuktuNiger River port city of Mali; had a famous Muslim university.25
238547740YorubaNigerian agriculturalists organized into small city-states.26
238547741BoyarsRussian landholding aristocrats; possessed less political power than their western European counterparts27
238547742ManzikertSeljuk Turk victory in 1071 over Byzantium; resulted in loss of the empire's rich Anatolian territory28
238547743Vladimir IRuler of Russian kingdom of Kiev from 980 to 1015; converted kingdom to Christianity29
238547744Thomas Aquinascreator of one of the great syntheses of medieval learning; taught at University of Paris; author of several Summas; believed that through reason it was possible to know much about natural order, moral law, and nature of God30
238547745ClovisKing of the Franks31
238547746Gregory VIIPope during the 11th century who attempted to free Church from interference of feudal lords; quarreled with Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV over practice of lay investiture.32
238547747Hanseatic LeagueAn organization of cities in northern Germany and southern Scandinavia for the purpose of establishing a commercial alliance.33
238547748Pope Urban IIpope who called for the first crusade to reclaim Jerusalem from the Muslims34

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